Perezida Tshisekedi: Umutekano nk’Ingamba zo Gupfuka Ibibazo by’Ubukungu n’Imiyoborere?
Mu gihe Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) ikomeje guhura n’ibibazo by’umutekano bimaze igihe kinini, hari abasesenguzi bagaragaza ko ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi bushobora kuba burimo gukoresha uko guhungabana nk’urubuga rwa politiki. Mu bihe by’umwuka mubi n’impagarara zigaragara cyane cyane mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu, ibitekerezo bya benshi byibanda ku makimbirane ashingiye ku Rwanda n’Abatutsi, mu gihe ibibazo by’imbere mu gihugu bisa n’ibishyirwa ku ruhande.
Ibibazo by’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC si ibishya. Kuva mu myaka ya za 1990, iki gihugu cyinjiye mu bibazo bikomeye by’imiyoborere byakurikiye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994, bibyara intambara ya mbere n’iya kabiri ya Congo. Ayo makimbirane yasize imitwe myinshi yitwaje intwaro ivutse muri Kivu zombi na Ituri.
Muri iki gihe, umutwe wa M23 wongeye kuvugwa cyane mu itangazamakuru no mu mvugo za politiki, aho ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa bushinja u Rwanda kuwutera inkunga—ikintu u Rwanda rwakomeje guhakana. Ibi byatumye umwuka mubi wiyongera hagati y’ibihugu byombi, ndetse abaturage benshi ba Congo bagashishikarizwa kubona ikibazo cy’umutekano nk’igitero giturutse hanze.
Nubwo ikibazo cy’umutekano gifite uburemere, hari n’ibindi bibazo by’ingutu byugarije abaturage ba RDC. Ubukungu bukomeje guhura n’izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro ku masoko, ifaranga rigatakaza agaciro, mu gihe ubushomeri bukomeje kwiyongera cyane cyane mu rubyiruko.
Byongeye kandi, isuku n’imibereho myiza mu mijyi minini nka Kinshasa biragenda birushaho kuzamba. Sisitemu y’uburezi n’ubuvuzi iracyafite intege nke, aho amashuri n’ibitaro byinshi bidafite ibikoresho bihagije. Ibikorwa remezo birimo imihanda, amashanyarazi n’amazi meza bikomeje kuba imbogamizi ku iterambere rirambye.
Abasesenguzi bamwe bavuga ko, mu gihe ibi bibazo byose bikomeje kuba ingorabahizi, ijwi rikomeye mu ruhame ryibanda ku “mwanzi w’inyuma,” bigatuma ibiganiro ku miyoborere n’intege nke za politiki y’imbere mu gihugu bidahabwa umwanya uhagije.
Ikibazo nyamukuru gikomeje kwibazwa ni iki: Ese kwibanda ku makimbirane yo mu karere ni ingamba za politiki zigamije guhangana n’akaga kagaragara, cyangwa ni uburyo bwo kuyobya ibitekerezo by’abaturage ku bibazo by’imiyoborere?
Mu mateka ya politiki mpuzamahanga, si ubwa mbere ubutegetsi bukoresha ikibazo cy’umutekano nk’igikoresho cyo guhuriza hamwe abaturage no kugabanya igitutu cy’imbere mu gihugu. Gushyira imbere “umwanzi w’inyuma” bishobora gutuma abaturage bibagirwa ibibazo bibareba ku rwego rwa buri munsi, by’umwihariko mu bihe by’amatora cyangwa mu gihe hari igitutu gikomeye cy’imibereho.
Ariko kandi, ntibikwiye kwirengagiza ko umutekano w’igihugu ari inshingano ya mbere y’ubuyobozi ubwo ari bwo bwose. Niba koko hari ibimenyetso bifatika by’uko igihugu kiri mu kaga gaturutse hanze, ubutegetsi bushobora kubona ko gushyira imbaraga mu kubihashya ari ingenzi kuruta ibindi.
Mu gihe RDC ikomeje guhangana n’ibi bibazo bibiri—umutekano muke n’imbogamizi z’iterambere—hazakomeza kugaragara impaka ku byihutirwa kurusha ibindi. Abaturage benshi bakeneye ibisubizo bifatika ku mibereho yabo ya buri munsi: akazi, ibiciro bihamye, serivisi z’ubuvuzi n’uburezi byujuje ubuziranenge, ndetse n’ibikorwa remezo byizewe.
Niba ubutegetsi bwa Félix Tshisekedi bushaka gukomeza kugirirwa icyizere, bizasaba ko ingamba z’umutekano zijyana n’impinduka zigaragara mu miyoborere no mu iterambere ry’imbere mu gihugu. Bitabaye ibyo, impaka ku iyobya-bitekerezo rya politiki zizakomeza gufata intera, maze icyizere cy’abaturage kigende kigabanuka.
Mu gusoza, ikibazo si ukumenya gusa niba hari ukwirengagiza, ahubwo ni ukureba niba politiki ziri gushyirwa mu bikorwa zishobora kuzana amahoro arambye n’iterambere rifatika ku baturage ba RDC.