AFC/M23: Hagati y’Ubutumwa bwa Politiki n’Imbaraga za Gisirikare mu Rugendo Rutoroshye rw’Amahoro mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC
Mu gihe umutekano ukomeje kuzamba mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), itangazo ry’ihuriro rya AFC/M23 rivuga ko rizasubira inyuma ku ntera ya kilometero 30 riva ku birindiro byaryo, ryateje impaka n’isesengura rikomeye mu rwego rwa politiki n’umutekano.
Iri tangazo ryatanzwe mu rwego rwo “kugabanya ubushyamirane” no “gushimangira icyizere,” rikaba rihuje n’imvugo isanzwe ikoreshwa mu biganiro by’amahoro mu bice birimo amakimbirane, cyane cyane mu ntara za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Ku ruhande rumwe, iri tangazo ryagaragajwe nk’intambwe igamije kugabanya ubushyamirane hagati y’impande zihanganye, ndetse rinerekana ko AFC/M23 ishobora kwinjira mu nzira y’ibiganiro binyuze mu bufasha bw’imiryango yo mu karere n’iyo ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Ibi bituma uyu mutwe ugaragara nk’ufite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ingamba za gisirikare no kwinjira, nubwo byaba bifite ibisabwa, mu biganiro bya dipolomasi.
Gusa inyuma y’iyi mvugo igamije amahoro, hagaragaramo indi nkingi ikomeye: ihame ryo gushyiraho ibisabwa (conditionnalité). AFC/M23 ivuga ko kwimura ingabo izabikora gusa mu gihe nta bitero cyangwa ibikorwa byafatwa nk’ibyibasira uyu mutwe biturutse ku butegetsi bwa Kinshasa. Mu gihe hagize igikorwa gifatwa nk’icyo kuwuhungabanya, batangaza ko bazahita basubiza mu buryo bwihuse kandi buringaniye.
Ibi bigaragaza neza imiterere y’iyi ntambara, aho amagambo y’amahoro ahora avanze n’itegurwa ryo gusubiza inyuma ibitero, bigatuma habaho ubusumbane bw’icyizere hagati y’impande zihanganye.
Iyo usesenguye neza iri tangazo, bigaragara ko ridashingiye gusa ku cyemezo cya gisirikare, ahubwo rifite n’uruhare rukomeye mu itumanaho rya politiki. AFC/M23 iragerageza kwiyerekana nk’umufatanyabikorwa ushaka kugabanya ubushyamirane, ariko nanone igasiga ifite ubushobozi bwo gukomeza imbaraga za gisirikare igihe bibaye ngombwa.
Ubu buryo bwo kuvuga no gukora burangwa no gushaka kugera ku ntego ebyiri zisa n’izivuguruzanya: kwerekana ubushake bwo kugana amahoro no kugumana igitutu cya gisirikare gishobora kuyifasha mu biganiro.
Mu by’ukuri, ibi si ugushyira hasi intwaro burundu, ahubwo ni uburyo bwo guhindura ingamba (stratégie tactique) bugamije kugumana ijambo ku rwego rwa dipolomasi, hatirengagijwe imbaraga ziri ku rugamba.
Bityo, buri tangazo ryo kwimura ingabo cyangwa guhindura ibirindiro riba rifite ubutumwa bwinshi: bugenewe abahuza mu biganiro, abaturage b’aho intambara ibera, ndetse n’ubutegetsi bwa Congo.
Ikindi kigaragara ni uko AFC/M23 ishaka kwiyubakira isura y’umutwe wubahiriza ibyo utangaza. Mu mvugo yayo, igaragaza ko ishyira mu bikorwa ibyo yiyemeje, igamije kwitandukanya n’ubutegetsi bwa Congo mu rwego rw’imyumvire n’icyizere abaturage n’abafatanyabikorwa bashobora kuyigirira.
Ibi bigamije kubaka icyizere mu gihe akarere karangwa no kutizerana gukabije, aho amagambo n’ibikorwa bikunze kutajyana.
Nubwo hari abasesenguzi babona ibi nk’ikimenyetso cy’iterambere mu mikorere ya politiki ya AFC/M23, ukuri kwabyo kuzakomeza gushingira ku bikorwa bifatika. Mu biganiro by’amahoro bikiri mu ntege nke, igipimo nyakuri cy’icyizere si amagambo, ahubwo ni uko ibikorwa bihura n’ibyatangajwe.
Muri rusange, icyemezo cya AFC/M23 cyo gusubira inyuma ku rugamba gishobora gufatwa nk’intambwe ifungura amarembo ya politiki, ariko ntikivanaho ko imbaraga za gisirikare zigikomeje kugira uruhare rukomeye mu migendekere y’ibintu ku butaka.
Ni urugendo ruri hagati y’icyizere cy’amahoro n’ukuri kw’intambara, aho buri ntambwe iterwa igenwa n’inyungu, ubwoba n’imbaraga z’impande zose zirebwa n’aya makimbirane.