Ibiganiro bya Leta ya Kinshasa na AFC/M23 Byatangiye mu Mwuka w’Amakimbirane, Amahoro Aracyari Inzozi Zikomeye
Mu gihe Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) ikomeje guhangana n’ibibazo bikomeye by’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwayo, icyiciro cya cyenda cy’ibiganiro by’amahoro hagati ya Leta ya Kinshasa n’ihuriro Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC/M23) cyatangiye ku mugaragaro i Montreux mu Busuwisi, aho kibereye aho kubera i Genève nk’uko byari byitezwe mbere.
Ibi biganiro biri kuyoborwa n’abahuza mpuzamahanga barimo uhagarariye Qatar ndetse n’umunyamerika Massad Boulos, bafite inshingano yo gufasha impande zombi kugera ku bwumvikane burambye, mu gihe ubushyamirane bukomeje gufata indi ntera ku rugamba.
Mu itangizwa ry’ibi biganiro, impande zombi zahise zigaragaza kudahuza gukomeye ku ngingo z’ingenzi zigize gahunda y’ibiganiro (agenda), ndetse no ku kwemeza urutonde rw’abagomba kubyitabira. Ibi byahise bigaragaza ko, nubwo ibiganiro bikomeje, inzira igana ku mahoro igihura n’imbogamizi zikomeye zishingiye ku kutizerana hagati y’impande zihanganye.
Nyuma y’izo mpaka za mbere, impande zombi zakomeje kuganira ku ntambwe imaze guterwa ndetse n’imbogamizi zikigaragara mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano abiri yari yarashyizweho umukono mbere. Ayo masezerano arimo guhagarika imirwano (cessez-le-feu) no kurekura imfungwa zifitanye isano n’iyi ntambara.
Nubwo ayo masezerano yombi yari yarasinywe nk’intambwe ikomeye iganisha ku mahoro, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo rikomeje kudindira. Impande zombi zishinjanya kudakurikiza ibyo zumvikanyeho, ibintu bikomeje gukoma mu nkokora icyizere cyari cyaratangiye kugaragara mu rugendo rw’amahoro.
Abasesenguzi mu bya politiki mpuzamahanga bagaragaza ko kutubahiriza amasezerano ya mbere bishobora gutuma n’andi masezerano mashya atazagira imbaraga, keretse habayeho uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura no gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo.
Nubwo hari izo mbogamizi, abahuza b’ibiganiro barimo gushyira imbaraga mu gushaka ko impande zombi zasinya andi masezerano mashya ashobora gufasha mu koroshya ubuzima bw’abaturage, cyane cyane binyuze mu korohereza ibikorwa by’ubutabazi (humanitarian access).
Mu byitezwe harimo ko hashobora kugerwaho ubwumvikane bwo gufungura imiyoboro y’ubutabazi, harimo kongera gufungura ibibuga by’indege bya Goma na Bukavu, byafasha mu kugeza imfashanyo ku baturage bagizweho ingaruka n’intambara, ndetse no koroshya ingendo z’abari mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi.
Kugeza ubu, ibiganiro biracyari mu ntangiriro z’icyiciro cya cyenda, kandi nubwo impaka zikomeye zikomeje kugaragara, hari icyizere gike ko hashobora kugerwaho intambwe nshya, bitewe n’uruhare rw’abahuza mpuzamahanga n’igitutu cy’umuryango mpuzamahanga usaba ihagarikwa ry’imirwano.
Icyakora, inzira igana ku mahoro arambye iracyari ndende, bitewe n’ukutizerana gukomeye hagati y’impande zombi, ibibazo by’imyemerere ya politiki, ndetse n’inyungu zitandukanye z’ibihugu n’imitwe bifite uruhare muri iyi ntambara.
Ibiganiro bya Montreux mu Busuwisi bishobora kuba intambwe ikomeye mu gushaka amahoro mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, ariko bizasaba ubushake bwa politiki, kubahiriza amasezerano, n’ubufatanye bw’impande zose kugira ngo bigire umusaruro ugaragara ku baturage bamaze igihe kinini mu kaga k’intambara.