Intambara y’Ubukungu n’Ubutegetsi bw’Isi Irimo Guhindura Isi Bundi Bushya
Mu gihe isi ikomeje kunyura mu bihe bikomeye by’intambara, ibihano by’ubukungu n’ihangana rya politiki hagati y’ibihugu bikomeye, Perezida w’u Bushinwa Xi Jinping na Perezida w’u Burusiya Vladimir Putin bakomeje kwerekana ko bashaka guhindura uburyo isi iyobowe kuva nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi.
Mu itangazo rihuriweho n’u Bushinwa n’u Burusiya ryasohowe nyuma y’inama yahuje aba bayobozi bombi i Beijing, ibihugu byombi byamaganye bikomeye politiki ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, cyane cyane ibikorwa bya gisirikare n’igitutu cya dipolomasi Washington ishyira ku bihugu biyirwanya nka Iran, Venezuela ndetse n’u Burusiya.
Xi Jinping na Vladimir Putin bavuze ko Amerika iri gukoresha “imbaraga za gisirikare, ibihano by’ubukungu n’uburyarya bwa dipolomasi” mu gushaka guhindura ubutegetsi bw’ibihugu idashyigikiye. Aba bayobozi bombi bashimangiye ko ibyo bikorwa binyuranyije n’amahame ya Loni ndetse n’amategeko mpuzamahanga.
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni cyo gihugu kimaze imyaka myinshi kiyoboye isi mu bya gisirikare, ubukungu, ikoranabuhanga na dipolomasi. Nyuma y’isenyuka ry’icyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti mu 1991, Amerika yasigaye ari yo “superpower” rukumbi ku isi.
Ariko u Bushinwa bwazamutse cyane mu bukungu, mu bucuruzi no mu ikoranabuhanga. U Burusiya bwo bwakomeje kwiyubaka mu bya gisirikare no mu rwego rwa dipolomasi, cyane cyane nyuma y’intambara ya Ukraine. Iran na yo yigaragaje nk’igihugu gifite ijambo rikomeye mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati.
Ni yo mpamvu ubu hari ihangana rikomeye hagati y’impande ebyiri:
Amerika n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo bo mu Burayi (OTAN/NATO)
U Bushinwa, u Burusiya n’ibihugu bibishyigikiye
Xi na Putin bavuga ko isi itagomba gukomeza kuyoborwa n’igihugu kimwe gusa, ahubwo ko hakwiye kubaho “isi y’ibihugu byinshi bifite ijambo” aho buri gihugu gikwiye kugira ijambo ringana n’irya Amerika.
Amerika ifata u Bushinwa nk’umunywanyi wayo ukomeye ushobora kuzayisimbura ku buyobozi bw’isi.
Washington ishinja Beijing:
gushaka kwigarurira Taiwan,
gukoresha ubukungu mu kugenzura isi,
kwiba ikoranabuhanga ry’ibihugu by’Uburengerazuba,
no gukomeza kwagura ingufu za gisirikare muri Aziya.
Ku rundi ruhande, u Bushinwa bushinja Amerika:
kubangamira ubusugire bwabwo kuri Taiwan,
gushyiraho ibihano n’intambara y’ubucuruzi,
no gushaka gukumira iterambere ryabwo.
Nubwo Trump aherutse kugirana ibiganiro na Xi Jinping ku bibazo bya Iran, Taiwan n’ubucuruzi, amakuru menshi agaragaza ko impande zombi zigifitanye amakimbirane akomeye.
Amerika n’u Burusiya bamaze imyaka myinshi badacana uwaka kuva mu gihe cy’Intambara y’Ubutita.
Nyuma y’uko u Burusiya buteye Ukraine mu 2022, Amerika n’ibihugu by’u Burayi byafatiye Moscow ibihano bikomeye by’ubukungu, ndetse bifasha Ukraine intwaro n’amafaranga.
Ariko Putin avuga ko Amerika ari yo iri guteza intambara no gushaka gukomeza kugenzura isi. U Burusiya bushaka kubaka ihuriro rishya rirwanya ubutegetsi bwa Amerika ku isi.
Iran ni kimwe mu bihugu Amerika imaze igihe ifata nk’umwanzi mukuru kubera gahunda yayo ya nucléaire n’uruhare rwayo mu ntambara zo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati.
Amerika yashyize ibihano bikomeye kuri Iran ndetse ikomeje gusaba ko Tehran itagira intwaro za nucléaire.
Ariko u Bushinwa n’u Burusiya byo bishyigikiye ko ikibazo cya Iran gikemurwa binyuze muri dipolomasi aho gukoresha intambara.
Amerika n’u Burayi bikomeje kuba abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye binyuze muri NATO. Ariko hari ibibazo bikomeje kugaragara:
amakimbirane ku bukungu,
uburyo bwo guhangana n’u Burusiya,
ndetse n’impungenge z’uko Amerika ishobora kugabanya ubufasha ku Burayi.
Ibihugu byinshi byo ku mugabane w’u Burayi bitangiye gutekereza uburyo byakwigenga cyane ku mutekano wabyo aho gukomeza gushingira byose kuri Amerika.
Muri Afurika, Amerika iri guhangana cyane n’u Bushinwa ndetse n’u Burusiya.
U Bushinwa bwubatse ibikorwa byinshi remezo muri Afurika birimo:
imihanda,
ibiraro,
gari ya moshi,
inganda,
n’imishinga y’inguzanyo.
U Burusiya bwo bwibanze cyane mu bya gisirikare no gutanga ubufasha bw’umutekano mu bihugu bimwe byo muri Afurika.
Amerika na yo ikomeje gushaka kugumana ijambo muri Afurika binyuze mu bucuruzi, dipolomasi, ubufasha n’umutekano. Ariko hari abasesenguzi bavuga ko Afurika iri kugenda irushaho kwegera Beijing na Moscow kubera uburyo ibyo bihugu bitanga ubufasha butajyanye n’igitutu cya politiki.
Iki kibazo kiracyateza impaka zikomeye mu banyapolitiki n’abasesenguzi mpuzamahanga.
Amerika iracyari igihugu cya mbere ku isi mu bya gisirikare, ubukungu n’ikoranabuhanga.
U Bushinwa bwo buri kuzamuka cyane mu bukungu no mu bucuruzi.
U Burusiya bufite imbaraga zikomeye mu bya gisirikare n’intwaro za nucléaire.
Ariko abasesenguzi benshi bavuga ko isi iri kuva ku buyobozi bw’igihugu kimwe (unipolar world) ikajya ku isi y’ibihugu byinshi bikomeye (multipolar world).
Ni yo mpamvu Xi Jinping na Vladimir Putin bakomeje kuvuga ko “igihe cyo kuyoborwa na Amerika yonyine kiri kurangira”, ndetse ko isi nshya igomba kubakwa hashingiwe ku bihugu byinshi bifite ijambo ringana.