Agahenge mu Kaga: Ijambo rya Politiki Rihangana n’Ukuri kw’Intambara n’Ikizamini cya Dipolomasi mu Karere
Igihe, bisabwe ku buryo bweruye na Perezida wa Angola, João Lourenço, Guverinoma ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo yatangarizaga ku mugaragaro, ibinyujije mu Itangazo rya Perezidansi, ko yemeye agahenge, benshi mu bakurikiranira hafi ibya dipolomasi babifashe nk’intangiriro y’impinduka nziza. Hari ababonye mo icyizere cy’uko hashobora kuboneka inzira nshya yo kugabanya umwuka mubi, niba atari no gufungura urubuga rushya rw’ibiganiro bya politiki.
Uruhare rwa Angola muri ubwo buhuza bwari bumaze igihe bufatwa nk’intambwe ikomeye mu gushakira umuti ikibazo cy’umutekano muke umaze imyaka myinshi mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo. Nk’igihugu gifite ijambo rikomeye mu karere, Angola yashoye imbaraga mu guhuza impande zishyamiranye, itanga icyizere mu karere kamaze igihe karazahajwe n’intambara n’ihindagurika rya politiki.
Igitangaje ni uko Angola, n’ubwo yari umuhuza, yohereje abasirikare bayo mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, mu rwego rwo gufasha ingabo za Leta ya Congo mu rugamba rwo kurwanya umutwe wa AFC/M23, aho bakorana n’izindi ngabo zirimo iz’u Burundi, abarwanyi ba FDLR n’imitwe ya Wazalendo. Ibi byashyize Angola mu mwanya utoroshye: uw’umuhuza ushaka amahoro, ariko na none ufite uruhare rutaziguye mu mikoranire ya gisirikare ku ruhande rwa Leta ya Congo.
Ariko rero, iyongera ry’ibitero bikoresheje utudege duto twa gisirikare (drones), rikozwe nyuma y’iyo ntambwe yo kwemera agahenge, si ikintu cyafatwa nk’akabazo koroheje cyangwa impanuka ya gisirikare idafite uburemere. Ahubwo ni igikorwa gishyira mu majwi ijambo ryatanzwe ku mugaragaro. Agahenge si amayeri ya gisirikare yo kugabanya imirwano mu gihe gito; ni isezerano rishingiye ku cyizere gito gisigaye hagati y’abahanganye, risaba icyubahiro n’ubunyangamugayo.
Gukomeza cyangwa kongera ibitero hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, mu gihe hatangajwe ko habayeho agahenge, byohereza ubutumwa buteye impungenge. Bivuga ko ijambo rya politiki rishobora gukoreshwa nk’igikoresho cy’itangazamakuru aho kuba umusingi w’ibikorwa bifatika. Mu ntambara z’iki gihe, ikoreshwa rya drones rishobora guhindura isura y’imirwano, ariko ntibihindura ukuri ko, iyo rikoreshwa binyuranyije n’amasezerano y’agahenge, riba ari ukurenga ku byo impande zombi zemeranyijeho.
Ingaruka z’ibi ntizigarukira ku birindiro bya gisirikare byibasiwe; zigera no ku cyizere cyari gitangiye kubakwa hagati y’ibihugu byo mu karere. Ubu buhuza bwa Angola bushyirwa mu mwanya utoroshye, kuko bigaragara nk’aho ubusabe bwayo bwo kubahiriza agahenge bwirengagijwe, kandi na yo ubwayo yarafashe icyemezo cyo kohereza abasirikare bayo gufasha Leta ya Congo. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku cyizere cy’uburyo Afurika ishaka kwishakamo ibisubizo byayo, ariko ikanagaragaza ko kubihuza n’ukuri kw’ibibera ku rugamba bikiri ikibazo gikomeye.
Mu gihe Afurika irimo kugaragaza ubushake bwo gukemura amakimbirane yayo binyuze mu bufatanye n’imiyoborere ishingiye ku bwubahane, guteshuka ku masezerano—by’umwihariko ayatangajwe ku rwego rw’umukuru w’igihugu—bifite uburemere bukomeye muri dipolomasi no mu isura y’igihugu ku ruhando mpuzamahanga. Perezida Félix Tshisekedi, nk’umuyobozi wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ahagarariye ijambo ritangazwa na Leta ayoboye; iyo ibikorwa bihabanye n’iryo jambo, icyizere gicika intege.
Mu mubano wa dipolomasi, hari aho kwihangana kugera ku rugero rukavamo umunaniro. Abafatanyabikorwa bo mu karere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, basanzwe barahuye n’ihindagurika ry’imyanzuro n’amasezerano atubahirizwa, bashobora kubona mu gukomeza ibitero icyemezo ko hari umurongo umaze kumenyerwa: gutangaza imyanzuro mu magambo akomeye, hanyuma ibikorwa bikaba ibindi.
Ibi si ibintu bidafite ingaruka. Iyo ijambo rya Leta ritagihura n’ibikorwa, icyizere gitangira gusenyuka. Kandi dipolomasi ishingira ku kubaka icyizere gahoro gahoro, gishingiye ku guhuza amagambo n’ibikorwa. Iyo igihugu kidasigasira ijambo rya Leta , kiba gisenya umutungo wacyo w’icyizere, ari na wo rufatiro rw’imikoranire mpuzamahanga.
Mu bihe nk’ibi, igisubizo gikwiye ntigishingira ku burakari cyangwa ku kwihimura, ahubwo gishingira ku ihame ry’uburyozwe. Gutanga igisubizo gikwiranye n’ibyabaye ntibivuga gutangiza indi ntambara; bivuga gusaba ibisobanuro, gushyiraho uburyo bw’igenzura, no kwibutsa ko kubahiriza amasezerano mpuzamahanga atari amahitamo yo mu mvugo, ahubwo ari inshingano ya politiki n’iy’umuco.
Abayobozi bo mu karere, by’umwihariko uruhande rw’ubuhuza bwa Angola, bakwiye gusaba ingwate zigaragara n’uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’agahenge. N’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga bagomba kwirinda ubwitonzi bushobora gusobanurwa nk’ukwihanganira ibinyuranyije n’amasezerano.
Amahoro ntashobora kuba ijambo rivugwa mu bihe runaka, hanyuma ibikorwa bikanyuranya na ryo buhoro buhoro. Nibidakosorwa, agahenge kazahinduka ijambo ridafite ireme, na dipolomasi ibe nk’ikinamico isinywa ku manywa igaseswa nijoro.
Mu karere kamaze kwibonera amateka akomeye y’intambara n’amakimbirane, igihe kirageze cyo kugarura ihame ryo guhuza ijambo n’igikorwa, gushyira imbere ubunyangamugayo, no gusubiza agaciro ijambo rya Leta kugira ngo ribe isezerano rifite ireme, ryubahirizwa n’abaritanga.
