Amoko na Politiki muri RDC: Uko “Ikibazo cy’Abaluba” Kigaragaza Intege nke z’Ubutegetsi
Ikiganiro cyatejwe n’umunyapolitiki Tata Nlongi Bia Titudes ku birebana n’icyiswe “ikibazo cy’Abaluba” mu gihugu cya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (RDC) ntigikwiriye gufatwa nk’impaka z’igihe gito. Ahubwo, kigaragaza mu buryo burambuye kandi buteye impungenge, uburyo imyumvire y’amarangamutima ashingiye ku bwoko ikiri iyoroshye, kandi rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa mu nyungu za politiki, mu gihe igihugu kigikomeje gushaka ubumwe busesuye.
Iyi mvugo igaragaza ikibazo gikomeye cyo guhuza ubwoko n’ingenzi mu gutanga ubwenegihugu, ndetse n’uruhare rwa politiki, aho kenshi imyumvire y’ubwoko ihuzwa n’inyungu za politiki. Mu ishusho ya politiki ya Kongo, amakimbirane hagati y’amoko ntiyigeze atandukanywa burundu n’inyungu z’ubutegetsi. Imyumvire y’ubutabera budahagije, ibirego by’ivangura, n’isesengura ry’ishyirwaho ry’abayobozi rishingiye ku moko, akenshi biba intandaro y’inkuru ziganjemo amarangamutima, aho buri tsinda ryiyumva rimwe nk’iryigenga mu butegetsi, cyangwa rikumva rikinishijwe cyangwa riburizwamo.
Mu buryo nk’ubu, Abaluba, kimwe n’izindi nzego z’abenegihugu, rimwe na rimwe baba ibikoresho byo gushishikariza politiki irenze imiterere y’imibereho yabo. Ibi si bishya, kuko bifite inkomoko mu mateka y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu, harimo ibihe by’intege nke z’ubuyobozi, impinduka z’amakimbirane, n’ingorane mu kubaka inzego z’ubuyobozi ziboneye kandi zubahiriza uburenganzira bwose.
Kugira ngo hamenyekane uburemere bw’amarangamutima ajyanye n’ibi bivugwa ku “kibazo cy’Abaluba”, ni ngombwa kwibuka ibihe bikomeye by’amateka, cyane cyane ihohoterwa ryakorewe abaturage bo mu karere ka Kasaï bari batuye muri Katanga (yahoze ari Shaba) mu myaka yakurikiye ubwigenge.
Ibi bihe byaranzwe n’imihindagurikire y’imiturire, ihohoterwa rikorerwa abantu, n’ivangura rishingiye ku moko n’uturere, mu gihe ubutegetsi bwari bufite intege nke, ndetse hakabaho guhatanira umutungo n’amabuye y’agaciro. Nubwo ibi byabaye, ubushakashatsi bwizewe bw’amateka bwerekana ko atari urwango rw’amoko ubwabwo rwari intandaro nyamukuru, ahubwo ko ari uburyo politiki yakoreshejwe mu nyungu z’amoko mu bihe by’amakuba.
Kuri ibi, ibikorwa bya politiki, kurwanira ubutunzi, no kuvugurura ubutegetsi byagize uruhare rukomeye mu gukomeza amakimbirane y’amoko. Kugabanya ibi byose ku kuba amakimbirane ashingiye ku moko gusa, byaba ari uguhishira imiterere nyakuri y’imitangire y’inyungu n’ubutegetsi byatumye bibaho.
Ibi bigaragaza ko ibibazo nk’icyiswe “ikibazo cy’Abaluba” bifite imizi mu kibazo kinini cyo kubaka igihugu muri RDC: igihugu kigikomeje urugendo rwo kubaka ubutegetsi busesuye, aho umwihariko w’uturere n’amoko bikomeje guhangana n’icyifuzo cyo kugira ubwenegihugu bumwe.
Mu gusobanura iki kibazo, hari ingingo eshatu z’ingenzi zikwiye kwitabwaho:
- Imyumvire y’ubutabera mu ikoreshwa ry’umutungo rusange: Iyo abantu bumva ko batabonye amahirwe angana n’abandi cyangwa batageze ku mutungo runaka, bituma amarangamutima ashingiye ku bwoko azamuka.
- Ubwumvikane bw’uturere n’imiryango: Icyo abantu bakunze kwita ubwumvikane bw’amoko, iyo kigaragaye mu nzego z’ubukungu cyangwa iza politiki, rimwe na rimwe gifatwa nk’ivangura rihishe. Akenshi gishingira ku migenzo isanzwe, ariko kigakomeza kugaragara kubera intege nke z’inzego zibishinzwe.
- Gusobanukirwa n’umuco n’uruhare rw’abagore: Gusesengura ibijyanye n’umuco ntibikwiye gukorwa mu buryo bworoshye cyangwa bushingiye ku bitekerezo bitari ukuri. Imibereho y’amoko muri Kongo irahinduka, kandi si byo gufata imico imwe nk’itazigera ihinduka.
Mu by’ukuri, ikibazo si ubwoko runaka, ahubwo ni ubushobozi bw’igihugu bwo kurenga ku bibazo bishingiye ku moko no gushyiraho inzego zikomeye, zifite ubunyangamugayo kandi zubahiriza uburenganzira bwa buri Munyekongo.
Mu gusoza, icyitwa “ikibazo cy’Abaluba” si ikibazo nyakuri mu mizi yacyo, ahubwo ni ikimenyetso cy’uko igihugu kigikomeje kuba mu nzira yo kubaka ubutegetsi bugaragara kandi burambye, aho ubwoko bugikoreshwa nk’igikoresho mu gusobanura imiyoborere, ibibazo by’ubutegetsi, n’uburinganire mu gihugu.
