Ibyaha Bivugwa kuri MONUSCO mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC
Mu gihe uburasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo bukomeje kuba ahantu huzuyemo amakimbirane n’ibibazo by’umutekano, hagenda havuka ibibazo bikomeye ku bijyanye n’icyizere n’ubunyamwuga bw’inzego mpuzamahanga zoherejweyo mu rwego rwo kurinda abaturage.
Ibi byongeye kugarukwaho cyane nyuma y’itangazwa rya raporo yakozwe n’Ibiro by’Umuryango w’Abibumbye bishinzwe gukurikirana iyubahirizwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu muri RDC (United Nations Joint Human Rights Office), bikorera mu butumwa bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye bwo kugarura amahoro muri iki gihugu (MONUSCO).
Iyi raporo yongeye gutuma hibazwa ikibazo gikomeye: ni gute urwego rushinzwe gukurikirana no kugaragaza ihohoterwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu rushobora kubikora mu gihe na rwo rumaze igihe ruvugwaho ibikorwa bikomeye byo kubihonyora, bikaba bitarigeze bihanishwa ibihano bikomeye?
Mu myaka irenga icumi ishize, ibitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga n’abanyamakuru bakora iperereza bagiye bagaragaza amakuru yerekana ko hari bamwe mu basirikare bo mu ngabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zoherejwe mu burasirazuba bwa Congo bagiye bashinjwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina.
Iperereza ryakozwe n’ibitangazamakuru bikomeye birimo BBC na Deutsche Welle ryigeze kugaragaza ko muri bimwe mu bice bya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru n’iy’Amajyepfo habayeho ibibazo by’ihohoterwa byavuzweho cyane, aho abaturage bavugaga ko hari abasirikare ba MONUSCO bagiye bahohotera abagore n’abakobwa b’aho bakoreraga.
Mu mijyi nka Goma, Bukavu na Uvira, imiryango itandukanye y’abaturage ivuga ko hari abana benshi bavutse mu mibanire ivugwaho kuba yarabaye hagati y’abasirikare ba MONUSCO n’abagore bo muri ibyo bice.
Ibi bibazo byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw’imiryango myinshi. Hari abana bavuga ko ba se ari abasirikare bo mu butumwa bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, ariko batigeze bamenyekana cyangwa ngo bafate inshingano zo kubitaho.
Mu bice byinshi by’imijyi yibasiwe n’intambara, abo bana bakunze kwitwa izina ryabaye nk’irigaragaza akababaro: “abana ba MONUSCO.”
Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ikorera muri Congo ivuga ko bamwe muri abo bana bakura mu buzima bugoye cyane, aho usanga nyina ari we ubakurira wenyine mu bukene bukabije, kandi akenshi atigeze abona ubutabera ku byabaye.
Umuryango Fondation Maisha RDC, umwe mu miryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’abagizweho ingaruka n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, uvuga ko umaze imyaka ubitse ubuhamya n’amazina ya bamwe mu bagizweho ingaruka.
Urugero rukunze kugarukwaho ni urw’umwana witwa Dimitri ufite imyaka 12, uvugwaho kuba yaravutse ku musirikare w’Uburusiya wari mu butumwa bwa MONUSCO, ndetse n’undi mwana witwa Queen w’imyaka 8, uvugwaho kuba yaravutse ku musirikare ukomoka muri Afurika y’Epfo.
Nubwo ayo makuru akomeje gutangwa n’imiryango itandukanye, bamwe mu baharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu bavuga ko ikibazo gishobora kuba kinini kurushaho ugereranyije n’icyagaragaye.
Ikibazo gikomeye gikomeje kwibazwa ni icy’inshingano z’inzego mpuzamahanga mu gukemura ibi bibazo.
Abaharanira uburenganzira bw’abagizweho ingaruka bavuga ko Umuryango w’Abibumbye ufite amakuru arambuye ku basirikare bose boherezwa mu butumwa bwa MONUSCO, bityo ko byashoboka gukoresha uburyo bworoshye nk’ibizamini bya ADN kugira ngo hamenyekane ba se b’abo bana.
Ibyo byafasha kumenya ukuri, ndetse bikanafasha abana n’ababyeyi babo kubona uburenganzira bw’ibanze n’indishyi zishobora kubafasha mu mibereho yabo.
Gusa kugeza ubu, bamwe mu baharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu bavuga ko ibirego byinshi byatanzwe mu myaka ishize byagiye bikorwaho iperereza rito cyangwa se ntibigere bikurikiranwa kugeza ku rwego rw’ibihano bigaragara.
Ibi bibazo byose byatumye havuka impaka zikomeye ku bijyanye n’ukwizerwa kwa raporo zikorwa n’inzego mpuzamahanga mu bijyanye n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Bamwe mu banyapolitiki n’abitwaje intwaro mu burasirazuba bwa Congo batangiye kunenga ku mugaragaro raporo z’izo nzego.
Mu bakunze kubigarukaho harimo n’umutwe wa politiki n’igisirikare wa AFC/M23, uvuga ko raporo zimwe z’inzego za Loni zibashinja ibyaha zidafite ibimenyetso bihagije, nk’amazina y’abahohotewe, ubuhamya busobanutse cyangwa iperereza ryigenga ryakozwe mu buryo bugaragara.
Ibi bigaragaza ko mu burasirazuba bwa Congo hatabera gusa imirwano ya gisirikare, ahubwo habera n’indi ntambara ikomeye y’amakuru n’inkuru (narratives), aho buri ruhande rushaka kwerekana uko rubona amateka n’inshingano ziri muri iyi ntambara.
Hari n’abavuga ko kuba hari uduce tugenzurwa n’imitwe itandukanye yitwaje intwaro, aho bavuga ko umutekano wiyongereye ugereranyije n’ahandi, bishobora gutuma bamwe bibaza ku ruhare n’akamaro k’igihe kirekire MONUSCO imaze muri Congo.
Ibi ni ibitekerezo bikomeje guteza impaka, ariko byerekana neza ko ikibazo cy’ukwizerwa ku nzego mpuzamahanga kiri mu by’ingenzi bigarukwaho mu biganiro ku mutekano w’akarere.
Ikigaragara ni uko uburasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo bwabaye ahantu hatagonganira gusa ingabo zitandukanye, ahubwo hanagonganira ibitekerezo, inkuru zitandukanye ku by’iyi ntambara, ndetse n’imyumvire itandukanye ku bijyanye n’ubusugire bw’igihugu n’uburyo bwo kurinda abaturage.
Mu bihe nk’ibi, icyizere abaturage bagirira inzego mpuzamahanga kiba ingenzi cyane. Iyo urwego rwahawe inshingano zo kurinda abaturage rushinjwa ibyaha bikomeye kandi bikomeje kuvugwa mu gihe kirekire, ikibazo cy’icyizere kiba kidashobora kwirengagizwa.
Kandi mu by’ukuri, nta rwego mpuzamahanga rushobora gukomeza kugaragara nk’urufite ububasha n’ubunyacyubahiro mu kurinda abaturage, mu gihe abaturage ubwabo batakirugirira icyizere.
