Ibyo wamenya bitangaje kuri pyramids zo muri Misiri zimaze imyaka irenga ibihumbi bine ziriho kandi zigikomeye.
Ni zimwe mu nyubako za kera zikiriho kandi z’ubakanwe ubuhanga bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru.
Izi Pyramids uretse kuba ari nini mu bugari no mu burebure ngo zikoranye ubuhanga mu myubakire yo ku rwego ruhanitse. Pyramids zo mu Misiri zimaze imyaka ibihumbi bine ziriho kandi zigikomeye.
Gusa, ngo nubwo hubatswe nyinshi, ariko izizwi cyane kubera uburebure n’ubunini bwazo ni iz’ahitwa Giza.
Abanyamateka bemeza ko kubaka Pyramids mu Misiri ya kera byatangiye mu gihe abahanga bita Old Kingdom (ubwami bwa kera bwa Misiri) ndetse birakomeza kugeza mu mwaka w’ 2325 BC(Mbere ya Yesu).
Kwitegereza ukuntu inyubako zazo zireshya n’uko zikozwe bikwereka ukuntu Abami ba Misiri (Pharaons) bari ibihangange n’ukuntu bahaga ikuzo rikomeye cyane ndetse na nyuma y’urupfu rwabo bakazarihorana.
Uko umwami wa Misiri yafatwaga mu muryango w’Abanyamisiri.
Ahagana hagati mu bwami bwa kera bwa Misiri, iki gihugu cyateye imbere mu bukungu, ubuhanga n’igisirikare, abaturage barakungahaye cyane.
Umwami wa Misiri (Pharaoh) yafatwaga nk’umuhuza hagati y’abantu n’Imana w’Abanyamisiri.
Kubera iyi mpamvu byari mu nyungu za buri wese kwita ku mibereho myiza y’umwami yaba ariho ndetse na nyuma y’urupfu rwe.
Iyo umwami yapfaga, abaturage bemeraga ko yahindukaga Imana yapfuye ari yo Osiris, hanyuma uwimye Ingoma agahinduka Imana bitaga Horus, ababyabugeni bashushanyaga nk’ikinyoni gishinzwe kurinda Imana y’izuba bitaga Ra.
Rero izi Pyramids zari ingoro bashyinguragamo ba Pharaoh, kuba ziteye kuriya byerekanaga ko bashakaga ko roho y’umwami izazamuka ikajya mu ijuru guhura n’Imana y’izuba yitwa Ra.
Abanyamisiri bemeraga ko iyo umwami apfuye hari igice kimwe cya roho kiguma muriwe.
Mu rwego rwo kwita kuri iki gice Abanyamisiri bafataga umubiri w’umwami bakawumisha, bakawusiga ubugeni kandi bakawukikiza ibintu byose umwami yakenera mu buzima harimo imiringa ya zahabu, ibyo kurya, intebe ndetse n’amaturo asanzwe agenewe umwami.
Pyramids zabaye ahandi abantu bazaga guhera umwami icyubahiro kuko bemeraga ko atapfuye ahubwo hari aho ari mu buryo runaka.
Hari abashobora gutangazwa no kumenya ko iyo umwami yapfaga hari abagaragu be, abagore, ingabo n’abandi bemeraga kumuherekeza kugira ngo bazakomeze kumwitaho mu bundi buzima.
Muntangiriro z’igihe Misiri yategekwaga n’abami (2950 B.C), imva z’abami zabaga zicukuwe mu mabuye manini, zikagira ishusho y’umwiburungushure bitaga mastabas.
Izi mva ngo n’izo zabanjirije uyubakwa rya za Pyramids. Pyramid bivugwa ko ari iya kera ni iyo mu mwaka w’ 2630 B.C ikaba yarubatswe ahitwa Saqqara ku ngoma ya Djoser.
Nyuma bakomeje kubaka izindi pyramids zirushijeho kuba nini kandi ndende. Amateka avuga ko uwitwa Imhotep ariwe watumye hubakwa za pyramids ku bwinshi kandi zifite ubunini n’uburebure.
Bamwe bafata Imhotep nk’umwe mu bahanga Misiri ya kera yagize haba mu bw’ubatsi, mu buvuzi no mu kwandika. Nyuma y’urupfu rwe abaganga bamugize Imana yabo.
Mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwa Djoser abubatsi batangiye kubaka Pyramids zigaragara ku buryo hari imwe yari ifite metero 62 z’uburebure bamwubakiye. Yari ifite n’ubusitani bwo kuzajya atembereramo akishimira ubuzima nyuma y’urupfu.
Iyi pyramid iherereye mu nkengero y’umurwa mukuru wa Misiri, Cairo. Ni mu gace kerekeye ku ruzi rwa Nili.
Inkuta ziriya nyubako zireshya na metero 230 z’uburebure zikagira ubugari bwa metero 147, ibi bikayigira iya mbere ingana kuriya ku Isi.
Ku ruhande rwayo hari hubatswe izindi zibiri zabagore be ndetse ngo ku ruhande abahanga bahasanze imva irimo ubusa ya nyina witwaga Hetepheres.
Iruhande rwa pyramid ya Cheops hari izindi mastabas aho abagaragu n’ingabo ze bagombaga kuba kugira ngo bazakomeze kumufasha mu bundi buzima.
Abahanga barabaze basanga pyramid ya Cheops yarubatswe n’amabuye miliyoni 2.3, buri rimwe rifite toni 2.5. Abakozi ngo bajyaga mu butayu gushakayo ariya mabuye bakayikorera bakayageza aho bagombaga kubaka.
Umunyamateka w’umugereki Herode yemeza ko yubatswe n’abantu ibihumbi 100 mu gihe cy’imyaka 20, ariko abashakashatsi mu byataburuwe mu matongo(archeologist) bemeza ko byasabye abakozi ibihumbi 20 gusa.
Nubwo abantu batakwihandagaza ngo bubake pyramid nk’iya Giza, ababarirwa muri za miliyoni bajya kuyisura buri mwaka, bakirebera ubuhanga bw’Abanyamisiri ba kera cyane mbere ya Yesu kristo.
MCN..
