Indishyi z’Ubucakara: Impaka ku Mbabazi, Ubutabera n’Inshingano z’Ibihugu by’i Burayi mu Mateka n’Ibihe Bigezweho
Mu biganiro bikomeje gufata intera ku isi hose bijyanye n’indishyi z’akarengane gakomeye katewe n’ubucakara, bamwe mu bayobozi n’abanyapolitiki bo mu bihugu by’i Burayi bagaragaza uko babibona mu buryo butandukanye. Hari abemera ko ari ngombwa gusaba imbabazi no gutanga indishyi, mu gihe abandi babona ko ibyabaye ari amateka atagomba gusubirwamo mu buryo bwo gusaba imbabazi z’amategeko.
Mu mwaka wa 2024, umwe mu bayobozi b’u Bwongereza yavuze ko ababajwe n’ibyakozwe n’igihugu cye mu bucuruzi bw’abacakara bwanyujijwe ku nyanja ya Atlantique, ariko agaragaza ko adashyigikiye ko za Leta zisaba imbabazi ku byabaye mu mateka. Mu kiganiro yahaye itangazamakuru, yagize ati:
“Ushobora gusubira inyuma mu mateka, ariko amaherezo ugasanga winjiye mu bintu bidafite ishingiro.”
Yakomeje agaragaza ko icy’ingenzi kurushaho ari ugufasha ibihugu byahuye n’ingaruka z’ubukoloni n’ubucakara muri iki gihe, aho kwibanda gusa ku gusaba imbabazi.
Ubucakara bwo ku rwego mpuzamahanga, by’umwihariko ubwanyujijwe ku nyanja ya Atlantique hagati y’ikinyejana cya 15 n’icya 19, bwagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bihugu bya Afurika. Miliyoni z’abantu bajyanywe ku ngufu mu mahanga, bakorerwa ihohoterwa rikabije, bituma ibihugu byabo bisigara inyuma mu bukungu, imibereho n’imiyoborere.
Ibihugu nk’u Bwongereza, u Bufaransa, Espagne na Portugal byagize uruhare rukomeye muri ubu bucuruzi, ari na byo bituma uyu munsi hashyirwaho igitutu ngo bigaragaze inshingano zabyo mu gusana ibyangiritse.
Abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu n’abashakashatsi bagaragaza ko indishyi zitagomba kuba amafaranga gusa, ahubwo ko no kwigisha amateka nyayo y’ubucakara ari ingenzi cyane mu gusubiza agaciro abahohotewe n’abazabakomokaho.
Birimo:
Gushora imari mu burezi mu bihugu byibasiwe n’ubucakara,
Kuvugurura amasomo yigisha amateka mu bihugu byabigizemo uruhare,
Kwemera no gusobanura uruhare rwabyo mu buryo bweruye.
Umwe mu bashakashatsi, Dr. Xosei, yagaragaje ko kugeza n’ubu hari amakuru atuzuye cyangwa ayobya atangirwa mu bihugu by’i Burayi ku bijyanye n’ingaruka z’ubucakara ku miryango y’Abanyafurika.
Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, Human Rights Watch, binyuze ku mukozi wawo Teffera, ugaragaza impungenge ko ibiganiro ku ndishyi bishobora kwibanda cyane ku mafaranga, bikibagirwa agaciro k’ubutabera busesuye.
Teffera asobanura ko, nubwo amafaranga ashobora kugira uruhare mu gusana ibyangiritse, adashobora gusimbura agaciro k’ubumuntu katakaye. Yagize ati:
“Gusubiza abantu agaciro n’uburenganzira bwabo ni byo bifite ireme kurusha ibindi byose.”
Yongeyeho ko ibihugu byagize uruhare mu bucakara bikwiye kwemera amateka yabyo mu buryo busesuye, ntibihitemo gusa ibice byayo bibabereye byoroshye, kuko kubyirengagiza bituma ubutabera butagerwaho.
Abasesenguzi bemeza ko kubaka umuco wo kwibuka amateka uko yakabaye ari ingenzi mu rugendo rwo kugera ku butabera. Ibi bisaba:
Kwemera ukuri kw’ibyabaye,
Kwigisha ibisekuru bizaza amateka atagoretse,
Gushyiraho ingamba zifatika zo gukemura ingaruka zabyo.
Ibi byose bigamije ko amateka mabi nk’ay’ubucakara atazongera kubaho ukundi, ndetse n’abahohotewe bagasubizwa icyubahiro n’agaciro bambuwe.
Impaka ku ndishyi z’ubucakara ziracyakomeje hagati y’abasaba imbabazi n’indishyi zifatika n’ababona ko ibyabaye ari amateka atagomba gusubirwamo mu buryo bwa politiki. Icyakora, hari ukwemeranya ku kintu kimwe: amateka y’ubucakara yasize ibikomere bikomeye, kandi kubyitaho bisaba ubufatanye bw’isi yose—haba mu kwemera amakosa, kwigisha ukuri, no gufasha abugarijwe n’ingaruka zabyo kugera ku iterambere rirambye.
