Menya Byinshi ku Mwuka w’Intambara Wongeye Kuvuka Hagati ya Ethiopia na Eritrea
Umubano wa politiki hagati ya Ethiopia na Eritrea wongeye kuzamo umwuka mubi ukomeye, nyuma y’uko ubutegetsi bwa Addis Ababa bushinje Eritrea kuvogera ubusugire bw’ubutaka bwa Ethiopia no gufasha imitwe yitwaje intwaro irwanya Leta iriho. Ibi byatumye impungenge ziyongera ku mutekano w’Akarere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, cyane cyane mu gihe ibi bihugu byombi bifite amateka maremare y’amakimbirane adashira.
Ibi birego byatangajwe mu ibaruwa Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga wa Ethiopia, Gedion Timothewos, yandikiye mugenzi we wa Eritrea, Osman Saleh. Muri iyo baruwa, Ethiopia ivuga ko ingabo za Eritrea zinjiye ku butaka bwayo mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko mpuzamahanga, ndetse zikifatanya n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro igamije guhungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.
Ubutegetsi bwa Addis Ababa bwasabye Eritrea guhagarika ako kanya ibyo bwita ubushotoranyi, bugacyura ingabo zayo zose bivugwa ko ziri hakurya y’imipaka y’igihugu cyayo, ndetse bugasesa n’imikoranire yose iri hagati y’izo ngabo n’imitwe irwanya Leta ya Ethiopia.
Ethiopia na Eritrea bimaze imyaka myinshi mu mwuka mubi wa politiki n’umutekano, ahanini ushingiye ku mpaka z’ubutaka n’uburenganzira bwo kugera ku Nyanja. Ethiopia, igihugu gifite abaturage barenga miliyoni 120 ariko kikaba kidakora ku Nyanja, cyagiye kigaragaza ko kubona icyambu ari ikibazo cy’ingenzi ku iterambere n’umutekano wacyo.
Mu bihe byashize, abayobozi ba Ethiopia bagiye batangaza ku mugaragaro ko igihugu cyabo gikeneye kubona icyambu cyo ku Nyanja itukura, by’umwihariko icyambu cya Assab kiri muri Eritrea. Addis Ababa yigeze no gutangaza ko iki kibazo gishobora gukemurwa “ku neza cyangwa ku mbaraga”, amagambo yakiriwe nabi cyane na Asmara yayafashe nk’ubushotoranyi n’igerageza ryo kwigarurira ubutaka bwayo.
Eritrea yabonye ubwigenge mu 1993 nyuma yo kwiyomora kuri Ethiopia, icyemezo cyatumye Ethiopia itakaza burundu inzira yari ifite yo kugera ku Nyanja. Ibi byabaye intandaro y’umubano urimo amakimbirane yakurikiwe n’intambara ikomeye hagati y’ibihugu byombi mu myaka ya 1998–2000, yasize ibihumbi by’abaturage bapfuye n’ubwumvikane buke bukomeye.
Nubwo mu 2018 ibi bihugu byigeze gusinya amasezerano y’amahoro, byari byitezwe ko azahagarika burundu ayo makimbirane, umubano wazo wongeye kuzamba bitewe n’ibibazo by’umutekano n’inyungu za politiki zidakomeza guhura.
Mu ntambara yabaye mu Ntara ya Tigray, Ethiopia yashinjije Eritrea kugira uruhare rukomeye mu gushyigikira ibikorwa bya gisirikare byari bigamije guhashya inyeshyamba z’iyo ntara. Kuri ubu ariko, Addis Ababa ivuga ko Eritrea yongeye kwivanga mu bibazo by’imbere mu gihugu cya Ethiopia, ikaba ishyigikira imitwe yitwaje intwaro ishaka guhungabanya ubutegetsi buriho.
Eritrea yo yamaganye ibi birego, ikavuga ko Ethiopia iri gushaka impamvu zo kuyishinja mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa imigambi yayo yo kwigarurira ubutaka n’ibyambu byayo.
Bigaragazwa ko uko umwuka mubi ukomeje kwiyongera hagati ya Ethiopia na Eritrea bishobora guteza intambara nshya, ishobora guhungabanya bikomeye Akarere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba. Ibi byanagira ingaruka ku bucuruzi, ku mutekano w’inyanja itukura no ku mibereho y’abaturage basanzwe bamaze igihe bahura n’ingaruka z’intambara n’ibibazo by’ubukungu.
Mu gihe nta biganiro bifatika biratangira, impungenge ziracyari nyinshi ku hazaza h’umubano w’ibi bihugu byombi, ndetse n’ingaruka zishobora kugera ku mahoro arambye mu Karere.
