Umunyamerika Swan Yagizwe Umuyobozi wa MONUSCO
Umunyamerika James Swan yagizwe Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ubutumwa bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye bushinzwe kubungabunga amahoro muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, buzwi nka MONUSCO, asimbuye Umunyamali Bintou Keita wari umaze igihe ayoboye ubu butumwa.
Iyi mpinduka mu buyobozi bwa MONUSCO ije mu gihe uburasirazuba bwa RDC bukomeje guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye by’umutekano, by’umwihariko mu ntara za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Epfo, aho hakomeje ibikorwa by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ndetse n’imirwano hagati y’ingabo za Leta n’ihuriro Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC/M23).
James Swan ni umwe mu badipolomate b’Abanyamerika bafite ubunararibonye mu bibazo bya politiki n’umutekano ku mugabane wa Afurika. Mbere yo kugirwa Umuyobozi wa MONUSCO, Swan yari amaze igihe akora nk’Intumwa Yihariye y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye muri Somalia, aho yari ashinzwe kuyobora ibikorwa by’uyu muryango mu gushyigikira inzego za Leta no guteza imbere amahoro muri icyo gihugu kimaze imyaka myinshi gihanganye n’ibibazo by’umutekano.
Mbere y’iyo mirimo, Swan yari yarakoze indi myanya ikomeye muri dipolomasi ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Yabaye Ambasaderi wa Amerika muri RDC hagati ya 2013 na 2016, mu gihe igihugu cyari gihanganye n’ibibazo bya politiki bijyanye n’amatora ndetse n’ibikorwa by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro mu burasirazuba bwacyo.
Yanabaye kandi Ambasaderi wa Amerika muri Djibouti hagati ya 2008 na 2011, aho yagize uruhare mu gushimangira umubano w’icyo gihugu na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’umutekano mu karere k’Ihembe rya Afurika.
Gutoranywa kwa James Swan kuyobora MONUSCO bije mu gihe ubutumwa bw’uyu muryango muri RDC buri mu bihe bikomeye by’amateka yabwo. MONUSCO ni bumwe mu butumwa bunini kandi bumaze igihe kirekire bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye bwo kubungabunga amahoro muri iki gihugu.
Bwashyizweho mu mwaka wa 2010 busimbura ubutumwa bwari buzwi nka MONUC, bwari bwashinzwe mu 1999 nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri ya RDC, imwe mu ntambara zikomeye zabaye ku mugabane wa Afurika.
Kugeza ubu, MONUSCO ifite inshingano zitandukanye zirimo: gufasha mu kurinda abasivili, gushyigikira inzego za Leta mu kugarura amahoro, gufasha mu guhosha ibikorwa by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro, no gutanga umusanzu mu kongera kubaka inzego z’ubutabera n’umutekano.
Icyakora, mu myaka ishize MONUSCO yakunze kunengwa n’abaturage bamwe muri RDC bavuga ko itabashije guhagarika ibitero by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu.
Abasesenguzi b’ibibazo bya politiki n’umutekano bavuga ko gushyiraho James Swan bishobora kuzana uburyo bushya mu mikorere ya MONUSCO, cyane cyane bitewe n’uko asanzwe azi neza ibibazo bya RDC kuko yahakoreye nk’Ambasaderi wa Amerika.
Uburambe bwe mu gukemura ibibazo by’ibihugu byahuye n’intambara n’ibibazo by’umutekano, nko muri Somalia, bushobora gufasha MONUSCO guhangana n’ibibazo bikomeje kugaragara mu burasirazuba bwa Kongo.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, Swan azatangira inshingano ze mu gihe abaturage benshi muri RDC basaba ko ingabo za MONUSCO zagabanya cyangwa zikava mu gihugu, mu gihe abandi bagaragaza ko uruhare rwazo rukiri ingenzi mu kurinda abasivili mu duce twugarijwe n’intambara.
Iyi mpinduka mu buyobozi bwa MONUSCO ishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu cyerekezo cy’ubu butumwa bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye muri RDC, cyane cyane mu gihe uburasirazuba bw’iki gihugu bukomeje kuba indiri y’ibibazo by’umutekano bimaze imyaka myinshi.
