Uvira: Ihuriro Rikomeye ry’Ingamba z’Igihe Kirekire za FDLR n’Ingaruka Zabyo ku Mutekano w’Akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari
Mu mujyi wa Uvira, umwe mu mijyi ifite uruhare rukomeye mu ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, kuba hari abarwanyi b’umutwe wa FDLR ntibifatwa nk’impanuka cyangwa ibintu by’igihe gito. Ahubwo, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’isesengura ryimbitse ku bibera mu karere, iri huriro rihagarariye umusaruro w’ingamba zateguwe mu gihe kirenga imyaka mirongo itatu, zigamije kuvugurura no kongera imbaraga ku mitwe yitwa iy’abatavuga rumwe n’u Rwanda bari mu buhungiro.
Raporo zitandukanye zashyizwe ahagaragara n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, irimo Consortium International pour les Droits Humains au Congo (CIDHC), zigaragaza ko izi ngamba zidashingiye ku bantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa ku mpinduka z’amazina y’imitwe. N’ubwo abayobozi bashobora gusimburana cyangwa imitwe igahindura imiterere, ideolojiya n’intego z’uyu mutwe bikomeza kuguma uko byahoze, bigaragaza ko ari gahunda y’igihe kirekire ifite intego zisobanutse.
Abasesenguzi benshi bagaragaza ko Uvira atari umujyi usanzwe mu by’umutekano w’akarere. Uyu mujyi uherereye ku mupaka wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo n’u Burundi, hafi y’ikiyaga cya Tanganyika, ukaba ufatwa nk’ahantu hafite akamaro mu migendekere y’ibikorwa bya gisirikare, ubucuruzi ndetse n’itumanaho hagati y’ibihugu byo mu karere.
Kubera iyi mpamvu, kuba hari ibikorwa by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro nka FDLR muri aka gace byongera uburemere ku bibazo by’umutekano mu karere kose k’Ibiyaga Bigari. Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ibikorwa by’uyu mutwe bitagarukira ku rwego rw’akarere gato gusa, ahubwo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibanire ya politiki n’umutekano hagati y’ibihugu byinshi byo mu karere.
Kimwe mu bintu byibandwaho mu isesengura ry’imikorere ya FDLR ni ideolojiya yayo idahinduka. Uyu mutwe ufatwa nk’ukomoka ku mitwe yashinzwe nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994, aho bamwe mu bayigize bakomeje gukorera mu mashyamba ya Congo.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko uyu mutwe wagiye uhindura uburyo n’imiterere, ariko ugakomeza kugumana intego zawo za politiki n’iza gisirikare. Bivugwa ko intego nyamukuru ari ugukomeza ibikorwa bigamije gutuma ugaragara nk’imbaraga za politiki n’iza gisirikare zishobora kugira ijambo ku bibazo by’u Rwanda no mu karere.
Muri uru rwego, ibikorwa byo guhuza imitwe itandukanye yitwa iy’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda mu mahanga bifatwa nk’igikorwa cyateguwe neza, kigamije kubaka ihuriro rihamye rifite ubushobozi bwo gukomeza ibikorwa byaryo mu gihe kirekire.
Ibyegeranyo by’abashakashatsi ku mutekano w’akarere bigaragaza ko ibikorwa by’uyu mutwe bitagarukira ku rwego rwa gisirikare gusa. Bivugwa ko hari imiyoboro yagiye yubakwa mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo politiki, ubuvugizi, ndetse no mu miryango itari iya leta.
Hari abavuga ko bamwe mu banyapolitiki mu karere, cyane cyane muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo no mu Burundi, bashinjwa kugirana imikoranire n’uyu mutwe mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa buziguye. Ibi bikajyana n’ibirego by’uko hari n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga bagira uruhare, mu buryo butagaragara neza, mu bikorwa bituma uyu mutwe ukomeza kubaho.
Byongeye kandi, bamwe mu basesenguzi bavuga ko imiyoboro ya FDLR ishobora no kugera mu nzego z’imiryango ya sosiyete sivile, itangazamakuru n’ahakorerwa ubushakashatsi, aho bishobora gufasha mu gukwirakwiza ibitekerezo byayo cyangwa mu gushaka inkunga mu buryo butaziguye.
Mu gihe ibibazo by’umutekano bikomeje kugaragara mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, abasesenguzi n’imiryango mpuzamahanga basaba ko ikibazo cy’imitwe yitwaje intwaro nka FDLR cyasuzumwa mu buryo bwagutse, hadashingiwe gusa ku bintu biboneka ako kanya.
Bavuga ko kugerageza gukemura ikibazo hifashishijwe ingamba z’igihe gito bishobora kudatanga umusaruro uhamye, kuko imiyoboro n’ingamba z’iyo mitwe zubatswe mu buryo bw’igihe kirekire.
Ku bw’iyo mpamvu, impuguke mu by’umutekano zemeza ko amahoro arambye mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari ashobora kugerwaho gusa binyuze mu bufatanye bwimbitse bw’ibihugu byo mu karere n’umuryango mpuzamahanga, hagamijwe gukemura ibibazo by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro, kubaka icyizere hagati y’ibihugu, no gushyiraho uburyo burambye bwo kubungabunga umutekano.
Mu gusoza, Uvira ntifatwa gusa nk’umujyi uri ku mupaka cyangwa nk’akarere k’imirwano; ahubwo bamwe mu basesenguzi bawufata nk’ahantu hagaragarira imikino ya politiki n’umutekano ifite ingaruka ku bihe byinshi by’akarere. Ibyo bituma ikibazo cy’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ihakorera kidafatwa nk’icy’akarere gato, ahubwo kikaba ikibazo cyagutse gikeneye ibisubizo bifite uburemere ku rwego rw’akarere n’amahanga.
