Congo mu Ihurizo Rishya: Imvugo ya AFC/M23 Ishobora Guhindura Umusaruro wa Politiki y’Igihugu
Amagambo aherutse gutangazwa na Bertrand Bisimwa, Umuhuzabikorwa Wungirije wa AFC/M23, afite uburemere bukomeye muri politiki ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), ndetse ashobora gufatwa nk’intangiriro y’icyerekezo gishya cy’uyu mutwe umaze imyaka uvugwa mu burasirazuba bwiki gihugu.
Iyo umutwe wa politiki n’igisirikare utangaje ko utakiri “umutwe usaba uburenganzira” ahubwo wabaye “impinduramatwara” cyangwa révolution, biba bisobanuye byinshi birenze intambara cyangwa kutavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi buriho. Biba bivuze ko uwo mutwe ushaka guhindura imiterere y’igihugu ubwacyo, uburyo ubutegetsi bukoramo, ndetse n’imiterere y’ubusugire bwacyo.
Ni imvugo ishushanya icyiciro gishya muri politiki ya Congo, igihugu kimaze imyaka myinshi mu bibazo by’intambara, amasezerano adashyirwa mu bikorwa, n’ukutizerana hagati y’ubutegetsi n’abatavuga rumwe nabwo.
Mu myaka yashize, M23 yakunze kuvuga ko irwanira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano yasinywe tariki ya 23/03/ 2009 hagati ya Leta ya Congo n’uwari umutwe wa CNDP. Ayo masezerano yari agamije guhuza abarwanyi muri Leta, kubaha uburenganzira bwa politiki n’umutekano, ndetse no gukemura ibibazo by’amoko n’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Nyamara, abayobozi ba M23 bakomeje kuvuga ko ayo masezerano atigeze ashyirwa mu bikorwa uko bikwiye. Ku bwabo, ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa bwagiye bukoresha ibiganiro nk’uburyo bwo kugura igihe, kongera kwiyubaka mu bya gisirikare no gushaka inkunga mpuzamahanga, aho gukemura ikibazo burundu.
Ni muri urwo rwego Bertrand Bisimwa yavuze ko urugamba rwabo rutakiri urwo gusaba ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano runaka, ahubwo rwabaye “révolution” igamije gusubiramo no kuvugurura uburyo igihugu kiyobowe.
Aya magambo agaragaza impinduka zikomeye mu mitekerereze n’imvugo ya AFC/M23. Si ukuvuga gusa ko batishimiye ubutegetsi bwa Félix Tshisekedi, ahubwo ni no kuvuga ko batacyizera imikorere yose ya Leta ya Congo nk’uko yubatswe kuva kera.
Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye byagiye biranga amateka ya RDC ni ukuba amasezerano menshi yagiye asinywa ariko ntashyirwe mu bikorwa.
Kuva ku masezerano ya Sun City, ayo muri Nairobi, Addis-Abeba, kugeza ayo ku itariki ya 23/03/2009, amateka ya Congo yuzuyemo ibiganiro byinshi ariko bikarangira impande zishinjanya kutubahiriza ibyo zumvikanyeho.
Ibi byatumye imitwe myinshi yitwaje intwaro ndetse n’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi batangira kubona ko inzira y’ibiganiro idatanga ibisubizo birambye.
Iyo abaturage cyangwa umutwe runaka batakaje icyizere mu masezerano no mu miyoborere, akenshi ikibazo gihinduka kinini kurushaho. Icyari ikibazo cy’umutekano cyangwa ubuyobozi gishobora kuvamo ikibazo cyo gushaka guhindura ubutegetsi bwose.
Ni cyo Bertrand Bisimwa asa n’ugarukaho: ko ikibazo kitakiri amasezerano runaka, ahubwo ko ari “système” yose ya politiki ya Congo bavuga ko yananiwe.
Mu mateka ya politiki y’isi, “revendication” cyangwa gusaba impinduka nto ni ukugerageza gukosora ibitagenda neza muri système iriho. Ariko “révolution” yo iba igamije gusenya no kongera kubaka système nshya.
Iyo umutwe uvuga ko wabaye impinduramatwara, uba uvuga ko utagishaka gusa imyanya, uburenganzira cyangwa amasezerano, ahubwo ushaka kuba uburyo bushya bwo kuyobora igihugu.
AFC/M23 isa n’ivuga ko itakiri umutwe wo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo gusa, ahubwo ko ushaka kwiyerekana nk’umushinga wa politiki ushobora kuvuga ku bibazo by’igihugu cyose.
Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye muri politiki ya Congo, cyane cyane mu gihe abaturage benshi bakomeje kugaragaza kutishimira:
ruswa n’imiyoborere mibi,
umutekano muke ukomeje mu burasirazuba,
ubushomeri n’ubukene,
intege nke z’inzego za Leta,
n’amasezerano atubahirizwa.
Impinduka Zishobora Kubaho muri Politiki ya Congo
Iyo umutwe witwaje intwaro utangiye kuvuga ururimi rwa “révolution”, uhita uhindura uburyo abandi bawurebamo.
Abawushyigikiye bashobora kuwubona nk’igisubizo ku bibazo igihugu kimazemo imyaka myinshi. Abawurwanya bo bashobora kuwubona nk’igikorwa gishobora guteza igihugu akaduruvayo, kongera intambara no gushyira igihugu mu kaga ko kwicamo ibice.
Abasesenguzi benshi bagaragaza ko iyo discours ishobora gutuma:
imitwe ya politiki yongera kwisuganya,
bamwe mu batavuga rumwe na Leta bashaka kwegera AFC/M23,
abaturage bamwe batangira kuyibona nk’umutwe wa politiki aho kuyibona gusa nk’inyeshyamba,
ndetse hakabaho impinduka zikomeye mu buryo ikibazo cya Congo cyarebwagamo ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Ariko kandi, amateka y’isi agaragaza ko impinduramatwara nyinshi zatsinze atari ukubera imbaraga za gisirikare gusa, ahubwo kubera ubushobozi bwo kugira igitekerezo gihuza abaturage benshi.
Congo ni igihugu cyanyuzemo intambara nyinshi kuva mu myaka yo hambere, cyane cyane nyuma y’ihirikwa rya Mobutu Sese Seko mu 1997.
Nyuma yaho hakurikiye:
intambara ya mbere n’iya kabiri ya Congo,
kuvuka kw’imitwe myinshi yitwaje intwaro,
uruhare rw’ibihugu by’amahanga,
ndetse n’ibibazo by’amoko n’umutekano mu burasirazuba.
M23 ubwayo yavutse mu 2012, ivuga ko Leta itubahirije amasezerano ya 23/03/ 2009. Yaje gutsindwa mu 2013, bamwe mu barwanyi bayo bahungira mu bihugu byibituranyi. Ariko yongeye kubura imbaraga kuva mu 2021, ifata ibice byinshi byo muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.
Kuva icyo gihe, ikibazo cya M23 cyabaye kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye bya politiki n’umutekano muri RDC, ndetse cyakomeje guteza ubushyamirane hagati ya Congo n’u Rwanda, nubwo u Rwanda rwakomeje guhakana ibirego byo gufasha uwo mutwe.
Nubwo imvugo ya “révolution” ishobora gukurura bamwe mu baturage bananiwe n’ubuzima bubi n’imiyoborere idatanga ibisubizo, amateka agaragaza ko impinduramatwara idapimirwa ku magambo gusa.
Ikigeragezo gikomeye ku mutwe uwo ari wo wose ushaka guhindura igihugu ni:
kugira gahunda yumvikana yo kuyobora igihugu,
kubasha guhuza abaturage bose,
kubungabunga ubumwe bw’igihugu,
kubaka inzego zikomeye,
no gutanga icyizere cy’ejo hazaza heza.
Abaturage ntibakurikira impinduramatwara kubera uburakari gusa, ahubwo bazikurikira igihe babonye ko zifite icyerekezo gifatika gishobora gutanga amahoro, ubutabera n’iterambere.
Ni yo mpamvu amagambo ya Bertrand Bisimwa ashobora gufatwa nk’intangiriro y’icyiciro gishya muri politiki ya Congo — icyiciro aho AFC/M23 itagishaka kubonwa nk’umutwe w’inyeshyamba gusa, ahubwo nk’umushinga wa politiki ushaka kugira uruhare mu kugena ejo hazaza h’igihugu cya Congo.
