Perezida Kagame yujuje imyaka 69: Amateka y’ubuhunzi, urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda n’imyaka irenga 26 ku butegetsi — Dore birambuye
MINEMBWE CAPITAL NEWS (MCN)
Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda, Paul Kagame, yujuje imyaka 69 y’amavuko. Ni umwanya wo kongera kureba ku buzima bwe, amateka y’ubuhunzi, uruhare yagize mu rugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ndetse n’urugendo rwa politiki rwamugejeje ku buyobozi bw’u Rwanda, amazeho imyaka irenga 26.
Kagame yavukiye mu Rwanda mu 1957, ariko igice kinini cy’ubwana bwe akimara mu buhungiro muri Uganda, aho umuryango we wari warahungiye. Nyuma yaje kwinjira mu rugamba rwo guhindura ubutegetsi muri Uganda, agira inshingano zikomeye mu gisirikare, mbere yo kugira uruhare rukomeye mu rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda.
Kuva mu 2000, ubwo yatangiraga kuyobora u Rwanda nka Perezida wa Repubulika, Kagame yagize uruhare mu miyoborere y’igihugu, mu kongera kubaka inzego zacyo nyuma ya Jenoside no mu bikorwa by’ubufatanye n’ibindi bihugu.
- Ivuka n’ubwana bwe mu buhungiro
Paul Kagame yavutse ku itariki ya 23/10/1957, mu gace ka Tambwe, mu cyahoze ari Rwanda-Urundi, ahagana mu gice cy’u Rwanda rw’ubu. Ni umuhererezi mu bana batandatu bavukana.
Mu mpera za 1959, igihe u Rwanda rwanyuraga mu bihe by’imvururu za politiki n’imibereho, umuryango we wahungiye muri Uganda. Kagame yakuriye muri icyo gihugu, aho yamaze igice kinini cy’ubwana bwe n’ubwangavu.
Ubuzima bwo mu buhungiro bwabaye kimwe mu bice by’ingenzi byaranze amateka ye. Yakuze ari umwe mu Banyarwanda bari hanze y’igihugu, mu gihe ikibazo cy’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda cyakomeje kuba ingingo ikomeye mu mubano w’u Rwanda n’ibihugu bituranye.
Ibyo bihe byagize uruhare mu rugendo rwe, kuko nyuma yaje kwinjira mu bikorwa bya politiki n’ibya gisirikare byari bigamije guhindura ubutegetsi muri Uganda, hanyuma agira uruhare mu rugamba rwo gutahuka no guhindura ubutegetsi mu Rwanda.
- Kwinjira mu gisirikare cya Uganda
Mu myaka ya za 1980, Kagame yinjiye mu rugaga rw’ingabo za National Resistance Army (NRA), rwari ruyobowe na Yoweri Museveni. Izo ngabo zarwanaga n’ubutegetsi bwa Milton Obote, nyuma zikomeza urugamba rwaje kurangira Tito Okello ahiritswe ku butegetsi.
Mu 1986, Museveni yafashe ubutegetsi muri Uganda. Kagame yakomeje gukora mu nzego za gisirikare, aza guhabwa inshingano zikomeye zirimo izijyanye n’ubutasi bwa gisirikare.
Iyi ntambwe yamuhaye ubunararibonye mu bikorwa bya gisirikare, igenamigambi n’imiyoborere y’ingabo. Ubunararibonye yari amaze kugira muri Uganda bwaje kugira uruhare mu nshingano yafashe mu rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda.
- Ku itariki ya 01/10/1990: Gutangira urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda
Ku itariki ya 01/10/1990, ingabo za RPA Inkotanyi, zari ziyobowe na Maj. Gen. Fred Gisa Rwigema, zatangije urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, zinjira mu gihugu ziturutse muri Uganda.
Ku itariki ya 02/10/1990, Rwigema yarishwe. Nyuma y’urupfu rwe, Paul Kagame yavuye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, aho yari yaragiye kwiga ibijyanye na gisirikare, agaruka gufata inshingano zo kuyobora ingabo za RPA.
Urugamba rwakomeje imyaka hafi ine, rurangwa n’imirwano n’ibiganiro bya politiki. Mu 1993, impande zari zihanganye zashyize umukono ku Masezerano ya Arusha, yari agamije gusaranganya ubutegetsi no gushaka igisubizo ku bibazo byari byugarije igihugu, birimo n’icy’impunzi.
Icyakora, ayo masezerano ntiyabashije gukumira ibyakurikiyeho mu 1994, ubwo u Rwanda rwinjiraga mu bihe bikomeye cyane by’amateka yarwo.
- Umwaka wa 1994: Guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi
Ku itariki ya 06/04/1994, indege yari itwaye Perezida Juvénal Habyarimana yarahanuwe. Nyuma yaho, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yatangiye, ihitana abarenga miliyoni mu gihe cy’amezi agera kuri atatu.
Ingabo za RPF, zari ziyobowe na Kagame, zakomeje urugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside no gutsinda ingabo z’ubutegetsi bwariho. Ku itariki ya 04/07/1994, RPF yafashe Kigali, naho imirwano ikomeza no mu bindi bice by’igihugu kugeza ubwo intambara yarangiraga mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Karindwi.
Ihagarikwa rya Jenoside ryabaye intambwe ikomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda, ariko igihugu cyari cyarasenyutse mu nzego, mu mibereho y’abaturage no mu bukungu. Hari hakenewe kongera kubaka inzego za Leta, guhangana n’ingaruka z’ubwicanyi no gushaka uburyo Abanyarwanda bashoboraga kongera kubana.
Nyuma ya Jenoside, hashyizweho Guverinoma y’Ubumwe iyobowe na Pasteur Bizimungu nka Perezida. Kagame yagizwe Visi Perezida wa Repubulika akaba na Minisitiri w’Ingabo, bimuha uruhare rukomeye mu miyoborere y’igihugu no mu bibazo by’umutekano.
- Umwaka wa 2000: Kugirwa Perezida wa Repubulika
Mu kwezi kwa gatatu 2000, Pasteur Bizimungu yeguye ku mwanya wa Perezida. Nyuma yaho, ku itariki ya 22/04/2000, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’inzibacyuho yatoye Paul Kagame kuba Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda.
Icyo gihe Kagame yari asanzwe ari Visi Perezida na Minisitiri w’Ingabo, akaba yari amaze imyaka igera kuri itandatu agira uruhare mu miyoborere y’igihugu nyuma ya Jenoside.
Kuva ubwo, yatangiye kuyobora igihugu mu gihe cyari gisaba kongera kubaka inzego za Leta, guhangana n’ingaruka za Jenoside, gusana ibikorwa remezo no gushyiraho gahunda z’iterambere ry’ubukungu.
- Amatora n’imyaka isaga makumyabiri ku butegetsi
Mu 2003, u Rwanda rwakoze amatora ya Perezida wa Repubulika mu gihe inzibacyuho yari irangiye. Kagame yatsinze ayo matora, ahabwa manda ya mbere yatowe n’abaturage nyuma yo kuba Perezida mu 2000.
Yongeye gutorwa mu 2010 no mu 2017. Mu matora yo mu 2024, Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Amatora yatangaje ko yatsinze ku majwi 99,18%. Yarahiriye indi manda ku itariki ya 11/08/2024.
Ibyo byatumye Kagame akomeza kuyobora u Rwanda mu gihe igihugu cyagiye gihindura imiterere y’ubukungu, inzego z’imiyoborere n’imibanire n’ibindi bihugu.
Mu myaka amaze ku butegetsi, ubuyobozi bwe bwagiye bushimwa n’ababushyigikiye kubera gahunda z’iterambere, ibikorwa remezo, serivisi z’ubuzima, ikoranabuhanga n’imbaraga igihugu gishyira mu kwiyubaka.
Ku rundi ruhande, hari abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi n’abandi basesenguzi bagiye bagaragaza impungenge ku bwisanzure bwa politiki, umwanya w’amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi n’ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru.
Izo mpande zombi zigaragaza ko gusuzuma amateka y’ubuyobozi bwe bisaba kureba ku byagezweho, ariko nanone hakitabwa ku mpaka n’ibibazo byakomeje kugarukwaho mu miyoborere y’igihugu.
- Uruhare mu miyoborere ya Afurika n’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga
Uruhare rwa Kagame ntirugarukira ku miyoborere y’u Rwanda gusa. Mu 2018–2019 yabaye Perezida w’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU), aho yashimangiye ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amavugurura y’uyu muryango, ubufatanye bw’ibihugu bya Afurika n’iterambere ry’ubukungu ari iby’ingenzi.
Yanagize uruhare mu miyoborere y’Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC), mu gihe u Rwanda rwakomeje kwagura ubufatanye n’ibihugu byo muri aka karere.
Mu 2022, u Rwanda rwakiriye inama y’abakuru b’ibihugu na za guverinoma bo mu Muryango w’Ibihugu bikoresha Icyongereza (Commonwealth), yabereye i Kigali. Iyi nama yahaye u Rwanda urubuga rwo kugaragaza amahirwe y’ishoramari, ubufatanye n’ibindi bihugu ndetse n’icyerekezo cyarwo mu bukungu.
Ibi bikorwa byagaragaje uburyo ubuyobozi bwa Kagame bwashyize imbaraga mu gukomeza umwanya w’u Rwanda mu biganiro mpuzamahanga, nubwo umubano w’igihugu n’abafatanyabikorwa bamwe na bamwe wagiye urangwa n’impaka ku bibazo bya politiki n’umutekano wo mu karere.
- Amatora ya 2024 n’indi manda ya Perezida
Ku itariki ya 15/07/2024, Kagame yatsinze amatora ya Perezida wa Repubulika ku majwi 99,18%, nk’uko Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Amatora yabitangaje. Ku itariki ya 11/08/2024, yarahiriye indi manda y’imyaka itanu.
Amatora yo mu 2024 yabaye nyuma y’ivugururwa ry’Itegeko Nshinga ryahuje igihe cy’iyo manda n’igihe cy’amatora, bituma manda yakurikiyeho iba iy’imyaka itanu.
Gukomeza kuyobora igihugu kwe kwatumye impaka ku miyoborere y’u Rwanda zikomeza. Abamushyigikiye bagaragaza ko ubuyobozi bwe bwafashije igihugu kwiyubaka no gushyiraho icyerekezo cy’iterambere, mu gihe abawunenga basaba ko habaho umwanya mugari w’ihiganwa rya politiki n’ubwisanzure bw’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi.
- U Rwanda mu 2026: Ubukungu, ikoranabuhanga na siporo
Mu gihe Kagame yujuje imyaka 69, u Rwanda rukomeje gushaka uburyo bwo kwagura ubukungu, gukurura ishoramari, guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga, ubukerarugendo na siporo.
Kimwe mu bikorwa byagaragaje icyifuzo cy’u Rwanda cyo kongera kugaragara ku rwego mpuzamahanga ni ibiganiro bijyanye no kwakira isiganwa rya Formula 1 mu gihe kiri imbere. Iyi gahunda yagiye ivugwaho mu rwego rwo gushaka amahirwe y’ubukerarugendo, ishoramari no kumenyekanisha igihugu ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Ubuzima bwa Paul Kagame bugaragaramo ibyiciro bitandukanye: kuvukira mu Rwanda, gukurira mu buhungiro muri Uganda, kwinjira mu gisirikare cya NRA, kuyobora ingabo za RPA mu rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, kugira uruhare mu guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi no kuyobora igihugu kuva mu 2000.
Mu myaka irenga 26 amaze ari Perezida, u Rwanda rwanyuze mu mpinduka zitandukanye mu miyoborere, mu bukungu no mu mubano mpuzamahanga.
Ku myaka 69, urugendo rwa Kagame rukomeje kuba igice gikomeye cy’amateka ya vuba y’u Rwanda n’akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.
Minembwe Capital News (MCN)