RDC: James Swan yasabye ibiganiro bihuriwemo bose — Ni iki gishobora gukurikiraho kuri gahunda ya Tshisekedi?
Minembwe Capital News (MCN)
Umuyobozi w’Ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ziri muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (MONUSCO), akaba n’Intumwa yihariye y’Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Loni muri RDC, James Swan, yasabye ko ibiganiro by’igihugu biteganyijwe muri RDC byaba ibiganiro bihuza impande zitandukanye kandi bikubakira ku bwumvikane, aho abahagarariye cyangwa abafasha muri ibyo biganiro baba bafite icyizere cy’impande zose zibigiramo uruhare.
Iri jambo rije mu gihe ubuyobozi bwa Perezida Félix-Antoine Tshisekedi bwatangiye gahunda yiswe “Dialogue national pour la paix, la cohésion et la refondation de l’État”, igamije kuganira ku bibazo byugarije igihugu no gushaka inzira z’umutekano, ubumwe n’imiyoborere myiza.
James Swan yasabye ibiganiro byitabirwa n’impande nyinshi
Mu ijambo yagejeje ku Nama y’Umutekano y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ku itariki ya 29/09/2026, James Swan yashimangiye ko ibiganiro by’igihugu byaba bifite agaciro biramutse bishingiye ku kwitabirwa n’abagize ibyiciro bitandukanye by’igihugu, aho kuba ibiganiro by’abantu cyangwa imitwe mike gusa.
Swan kandi yasabye ko abafasha cyangwa abahuza ibyo biganiro baba ari abantu bizewe n’impande zose zibigiramo uruhare. Ibi bisobanuye ko uburyo ibiganiro bizategurwamo ndetse n’abazabiyobora bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma ababyitabiriye bemera ibyavuyemo.
Yanasabye ko ibiganiro bitagarukira ku bibazo bya politiki gusa, ahubwo ko byakwibanda ku byihutirwa igihugu gihanganye na byo, cyane cyane ibibazo by’umutekano, ubutabazi, imiyoborere n’ibindi bibazo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abaturage.
Icyo Leta ya Kinshasa yakoze
Ku itariki ya 27/08/2026, Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yatangaje ku mugaragaro gahunda y’ibiganiro by’igihugu bigamije amahoro, ubumwe bw’igihugu no kuvugurura imikorere y’inzego za Leta.
Nk’uko ubuyobozi bwa Perezida wa RDC bwabitangaje, iyi gahunda yagenewe kumara igihe kitarenze amezi atatu, kandi igatangirira mu ntara 26 mbere y’uko habaho inama nkuru i Kinshasa.
Gahunda yatangajwe na Perezida Tshisekedi ivuga ko ibiganiro bigomba gukusanya abayobozi bo mu nzego zitandukanye, abadepite n’abasenateri, imitwe ya politiki, sosiyete sivile, amadini, abayobozi gakondo, abikorera, abanyeshuri n’abashakashatsi, abagore, urubyiruko, abahinzi, abakozi ndetse n’Abanye-Congo baba mu mahanga.
Leta kandi yavuze ko ibiganiro bizatangirira ku bibazo byihariye bya buri ntara, birimo umutekano, amakimbirane ashingiye ku butaka n’imiyoborere gakondo, amakimbirane hagati y’abaturage, intege nke z’inzego z’ubuyobozi n’ibibazo by’iterambere.
Perezida Tshisekedi yanavuze ko ibiganiro bigomba kuba “bitigaruriwe” n’uruhande rumwe, kandi ko bigomba kuba bihagarariye ibice bitandukanye by’igihugu.
Ariko Kinshasa yashyizeho umurongo ku mitwe yitwaje intwaro
Nubwo Leta ivuga ko ibiganiro bigomba kuba birimo abantu benshi, Perezida Tshisekedi yashyizeho umurongo utandukanya ibiganiro by’igihugu n’ibiganiro by’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Ku ruhande rwa Leta, AFC/M23 n’abandi bakomeje imirwano ntibashyizwe muri gahunda y’ibiganiro bya politiki by’igihugu. Kinshasa ivuga ko ikibazo cy’umutekano n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro kigomba gukomeza gukemurwa binyuze mu muryango w’ibiganiro bya Doha, mu gihe ibiganiro by’igihugu byo bigamije cyane cyane ibibazo by’imbere mu gihugu.
Ibi ni kimwe mu bibazo bishobora gukomeza guteza impaka mu gihe cyo gushyira mu bikorwa iyi gahunda, kuko hari itandukaniro hagati y’igitekerezo cy’uko ibiganiro bigomba kuba n’umwanzuro wa Leta wo kutinjizamo imitwe ikomeje kurwana.
Inshingano nyamukuru za MONUSCO ni izihe?
MONUSCO ntabwo ari urwego rwa politiki rwa Leta ya RDC, kandi ntirufite inshingano zo kuyobora igihugu. Inshingano zarwo zituruka ku mwanzuro w’Akanama k’Umutekano ka Loni, cyane cyane Resolution 2808 (2025), yongereye manda yarwo kugeza ku itariki ya 20/12/2026.
Muri izo nshingano harimo:
- Kurinda abasivili bari mu kaga ko kugirirwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mubiri;
- Gufasha mu bikorwa byo gukumira no guhagarika ihohoterwa;
- Gufasha mu biganiro n’ubuhuza ku nzego z’ibanze no ku rwego rw’igihugu;
- Gushyigikira ibikorwa by’amahoro n’ikorwa ry’amasezerano y’agahenge;
- Gufasha mu bikorwa byo kurwanya imvugo z’urwango no gukumira amakuru y’ibinyoma abangamira amahoro;
- Gushyigikira ibikorwa byo gushimangira inzego za Leta n’ubutegetsi bushingiye ku mategeko;
- No gufasha mu bikorwa byo gusubiza imitwe yitwaje intwaro mu buzima busanzwe no mu zindi gahunda zijyanye no kubaka amahoro.
Icyakora, inshingano ya mbere yo kurinda abaturage iri kuri Leta ya RDC ubwayo. MONUSCO ifite inshingano yo gufasha no gufata ingamba zikenewe mu bushobozi ifite no mu duce yemerewe gukoreramo.
MONUSCO yaba iri gukora inshingano zayo uko bikwiye?
Iki ni ikibazo kidakwiye gusubizwa gusa ngo “yego” cyangwa “oya”, kuko manda ya MONUSCO ifite inshingano nyinshi kandi ikorera mu gihugu gifite ibibazo by’umutekano bigoye cyane.
Ku ruhande rumwe, hari ibikorwa bifatika MONUSCO yakoze muri 2026. Urugero, James Swan yatangaje ko hagati y’ukwezi kwa mbere n’ukwezi kwa Cyenda 2026, MONUSCO na FARDC bakoze hafi 4.900 z’irondo rihuriweho mu karere ka Beni, mu rwego rwo gukumira ibitero no kurinda abaturage.
MONUSCO kandi ikomeje gushyigikira uburyo bwo gukurikirana no kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’agahenge mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, ndetse inatanga ubufasha bwa tekiniki, ibikoresho n’ubufasha mu bijyanye n’umutekano mu bikorwa by’amahoro.
Ku itariki ya 28/09/2026, James Swan kandi yagiranye ibiganiro na Minisitiri w’Ubutabera wa RDC ku bijyanye n’amategeko, uburenganzira bwa muntu no kubahiriza ubwisanzure rusange, mu rwego rwo gushyigikira inzira y’amahoro.
Ariko ku rundi ruhande, kuba hakomeje kuba ibitero by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro, kwimurwa kw’abaturage n’ibibazo by’umutekano mu bice bimwe by’igihugu bigaragaza ko ikibazo cyo kurinda abasivili kitararangira. James Swan ubwe, ubwo yari i Beni ku itariki ya 23/09/2026, yavuze ko umutekano ukomeje kuba ikibazo gikomeye kandi ko abaturage bagikomeza kwishyura ikiguzi cy’ibitero n’iyimurwa ryabo.
Ni ngombwa kandi kumenya ko MONUSCO itari igisirikare cya Leta ya RDC, kandi ko ibikorwa byayo bigengwa na manda yatanzwe n’Akanama k’Umutekano ka Loni, ubushobozi ifite, aho yoherejwe n’amahame mpuzamahanga agenga ibikorwa byo kubungabunga amahoro. Resolution 2808 isaba kandi ko ibikorwa byayo byubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga uburenganzira bwa muntu n’amategeko agenga intambara.
Icyo ijambo rya James Swan risobanuye kuri RDC
Ijambo rya James Swan rishimangira ko amahoro arambye muri RDC atashingira ku bikorwa bya gisirikare gusa. MONUSCO ibona ko hakenewe no gukemura amakimbirane binyuze mu biganiro, kubaka icyizere hagati y’impande zitandukanye no kurinda ubwisanzure bw’abaturage mu gihe cy’ibiganiro bya politiki.
Ku bwa Swan, abategetsi n’abanyapolitiki bakwiye kubungabunga umwanya wa politiki n’ubwisanzure bw’ibanze, bakirinda ibikorwa cyangwa amagambo ashobora kongera ubushyamirane, ahubwo bagashyira imbere ibiganiro, kwihangana no gushaka ubwumvikane.
Ibi bihura n’inshingano za MONUSCO zo gukoresha “good offices”, ubuhuza no gushyigikira inzira za politiki mu rwego rwo gukumira ko amakimbirane arushaho gukara.
Isesengura: ikibazo gikomeye kiri mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa
Icy’ingenzi ubu si ukumenya gusa niba Leta ya RDC yemeye ibiganiro cyangwa niba MONUSCO ibishyigikiye. Ikibazo gikomeye kizaba uburyo ibyo byemezo bizashyirwa mu bikorwa.
Ku ruhande rwa Leta, hari gahunda yo kugera mu ntara 26, kumva ibibazo by’abaturage no kuzana ibyiciro bitandukanye mu biganiro.
Ku ruhande rwa MONUSCO, James Swan asaba ko ibiganiro byaba ibyabose, bikayoborwa n’abahuza bizewe n’impande zose kandi bikagira ubushobozi bwo gukemura ibibazo byihutirwa by’igihugu.
Bityo, icyizere cy’ababigiramo uruhare, ubwisanzure bwo kuvuga ibitekerezo bitandukanye, uburyo bwo gutoranya abazitabira n’ibibazo bizashyirwa ku murongo w’ibyigwa bizaba ibintu by’ingenzi mu gusuzuma uko iyi gahunda iri kugenda.
Ku bijyanye na MONUSCO na ho, ibikorwa byayo byo kurinda abasivili, gukora amarondo ahuriweho na FARDC, gushyigikira igenzura ry’agahenge no gukomeza ubuhuza birerekana ko hari ibikorwa bihuye na manda yarwo. Ariko kuba umutekano muke ukomeje mu bice bimwe bya RDC bivuze ko nta kimenyetso gihagije cyo kuvuga ko inshingano yo kurinda abasivili yamaze kugerwaho mu buryo bwuzuye. Icyo dushobora kuvuga dushingiye ku makuru ariho ni uko MONUSCO ikomeje gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano zayo, ariko ikorera mu bibazo by’umutekano muke.
Mu gihe RDC ishaka gutangiza ibiganiro by’igihugu, Kinshasa iravuga ko igamije amahoro, ubumwe n’ivugururwa ry’imikorere ya Leta, mu gihe MONUSCO isaba ko iyo nzira iba ifunguye, yitabirwamo n’impande nyinshi kandi ikayoborwa n’abantu bizewe n’abayigizemo uruhare.
Icyizere cy’uko ibiganiro bizatanga umusaruro kizaterwa cyane n’uko ibyo byifuzo byombi bizashyirwa mu bikorwa: ukwemerera ibyiciro bitandukanye kumvwa, kubahiriza ubwisanzure bw’ibanze, gukemura ibibazo by’umutekano no guhuza ibiganiro bya politiki n’inzira zisanzweho zo gushaka amahoro mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Minembwe Capital News (MCN)
