U Buyapani Bwatangaje Umushinga Udanzwe wa “Solar Ring”: Intangiriro y’Igihe Isi Ishobora Kubaho Itagikeneye Peteroli?

U Buyapani Bwatangaje Umushinga Udanzwe wa “Solar Ring”: Intangiriro y’Igihe Isi Ishobora Kubaho Itagikeneye Peteroli?

U Buyapani bwashyize ahagaragara umushinga udasanzwe ushobora guhindura burundu amateka y’ingufu ku Isi. Ni umushinga wiswe “Solar Ring,” uteganya kubaka uruziga runini rw’ibikoresho bifata imirasire y’izuba ruzengurutse umurongo wa equateur y’Ukwezi, rukazajya rukusanya ingufu z’izuba amasaha yose y’umunsi n’ijoro (24/7), maze izo mbaraga zigahita zoherezwa ku Isi hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya microwave cyangwa laser.

Uyu mushinga watekerejweho n’abashakashatsi n’inzobere mu by’ikirere bo mu Buyapani, ku bufatanye n’ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga ndetse n’ibigo bikora ubushakashatsi ku ngufu. Intego nyamukuru ni ugushaka igisubizo kirambye ku kibazo cy’ingufu Isi imaze igihe ihanganye na cyo, cyane cyane giterwa no kwiyongera kw’abaturage, ihindagurika ry’ikirere ndetse n’ingaruka mbi zituruka ku ikoreshwa rya peteroli n’amakara.

“Solar Ring” ni uruziga rurerure cyane rugizwe n’ibyuma bifata imirasire y’izuba (solar panels), byubatswe ku murongo wa equateur y’Ukwezi. Kuba ku Kwezi nta kirere (atmosphère) kigabanya imbaraga z’imirasire y’izuba nk’uko bigenda ku Isi, bituma izuba rihagera rifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi zihoraho. Byongeye kandi, equateur y’Ukwezi ihabwa izuba igihe kirekire, bigatuma ishobora gutanga ingufu zidacikagurika.

Izo ngufu zakusanyijwe ziteganyijwe koherezwa ku Isi hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya microwave cyangwa laser, aho zakirirwa n’ibyuma byabugenewe ku butaka, zigahindurwamo amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu nganda, mu ngo ndetse no mu bindi bikorwa by’ubukungu.

Igitekerezo cyo gukura ingufu z’izuba mu isanzure si gishya. Mu myaka ya 1960, abashakashatsi batandukanye bo muri Amerika n’u Burayi batangiye gutekereza ku mishinga ya Space-Based Solar Power (SBSP), ariko icyo gihe ikoranabuhanga ntiryari rifite ubushobozi bwo kuyishyira mu bikorwa. Mu myaka ya vuba, iterambere mu by’indege zo mu isanzure, robotika, ubwubatsi bworoheje n’ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza ingufu hifashishijwe imiraba (wireless power transmission), byongeye gutuma iki gitekerezo gisubira ku murongo w’ibishoboka.

U Buyapani, buzwiho kuba ku isonga mu ikoranabuhanga no mu bushakashatsi, bwabonye ko igihe kigeze cyo kuva ku bitekerezo by’inyigisho (theory) hakajya ku mishinga ishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu byiciro.

Iyo “Solar Ring” yashyirwa mu bikorwa uko byateganyijwe, yaba imwe mu nkingi zikomeye z’ingufu zisubira ku Isi. Yatanga amashanyarazi menshi adashira, adahumanya ikirere kandi atagengwa n’imiterere y’ikirere nk’imvura cyangwa umwijima. Ibi byafasha cyane kugabanya ikoreshwa rya peteroli, gaze n’amakara, bigatuma ibihugu bigabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere (CO₂), bityo bikarushaho guhangana n’ingaruka z’ihindagurika ry’ikirere.

Byongeye kandi, uyu mushinga ushobora guhindura imibanire mpuzamahanga mu by’ingufu, aho ibihugu bitagifite umutungo kamere wa peteroli byabona andi mahirwe yo kubona ingufu zihagije kandi zirambye.

Nubwo uyu mushinga ugifite inzitizi nyinshi, zirimo ikiguzi kinini, ibibazo by’umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza ingufu ndetse n’ibikenewe mu bwubatsi bwo ku Kwezi, kuba igihugu gikomeye nk’u Buyapani cyarawushyize ku mugaragaro ni ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’uko Isi iri kwinjira mu kindi gihe cy’ingufu.

Ku rundi ruhande, “Solar Ring” ushobora kuba intangiriro y’igihe Isi izagenda igabanya buhoro buhoro kwishingikiriza kuri peteroli, igana ku ngufu zisukuye, zidashira kandi zijyanye n’ahazaza h’inyokomuntu.

Ese uyu ni wo murongo mushya w’ejo hazaza h’Isi idakenera peteroli? Igihe ni cyo kizabisubiza, ariko intambwe ya mbere isa n’aho yamaze guterwa.