Washington na Doha: Kuki Amasezerano y’Amahoro Atarahagarika Intambara n’Akaga ku Baturage ba RDC?
MINEMBWE CAPITAL NEWS (MCN)
Mu gihe inzira za dipolomasi za Washington na Doha zari zigamije guhosha amakimbirane amaze igihe mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), imibare mishya y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye igaragaza ko abana bakomeje kwibasirwa bikomeye n’ingaruka z’intambara.
Raporo ya Loni ivuga ko mu mwaka wa 2025 honyine, muri RDC hagaragaye kandi hagenzurwa ibyaha bikomeye 4,114 byakorewe abana 3,263. Muri byo harimo abana 1,397 bashowe cyangwa bakoreshwa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorana bya hafi na Leta y’i Kinshasa, abana 918 bishwe cyangwa bagakomereka, abana 592 bakorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, abana 1,067 bashimuswe, ndetse n’ibitero 121 byibasiye amashuri n’ibitaro.
Loni kandi yemeje ibibazo 19 byo kubuza cyangwa gutambamira ubufasha bw’ubutabazi.
Iyi mibare ituma hibazwa niba ibyo impande zishyamiranye zasinyiye i Washington na Doha byarahindutse ibikorwa bifatika ku butaka, cyane cyane mu kurinda abasivili n’abana.
Ibyemeranyijwe i Washington
Ku itariki ya 25/04/2025, Leta ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo na Leta y’u Rwanda byasinyiye i Washington Amasezerano y’Amahame, mbere y’uko nyuma hakurikiraho amasezerano y’amahoro yasinywe ku itariki ya 27/06/2025.
Loni yavuze ko ayo masezerano yari agamije gushyiraho inzira yo kugarura amahoro n’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Mu by’ingenzi byari bikubiye muri ayo masezerano harimo:
- guhagarika imirwano no kubahiriza ubusugire n’ubwigenge bwa RDC;
- kutongera gushyigikira imitwe yitwaje intwaro;
- gukemura ikibazo cya FDLR;
- guhuza gahunda yo kutongera gukomeza kohereza cyangwa kugumana ingabo ahantu hagomba kuva ingabo;
- gusubiza inyuma no gukuraho ingamba z’umutekano u Rwanda rwavugaga ko ari izo kwirinda;
- gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukurikirana no kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’amasezerano;
- korohereza impunzi n’abaturage bavanywe mu byabo gusubira mu byabo mu mutekano;
- no guteza imbere ubufatanye bw’ubukungu hagati ya RDC n’u Rwanda.
Ku bijyanye n’ubukungu, gahunda y’ubufatanye bw’akarere yari irimo n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro mu buryo bwubahiriza amategeko, hagamijwe kurwanya ibikorwa bifitanye isano n’ikoreshwa ry’abana mu bucukuzi n’indi mirimo y’agahato.
Doha yo yagombaga gukemura iki?
Ku rundi ruhande, inzira ya Doha yari igamije cyane cyane ibiganiro hagati ya Leta ya RDC na AFC/M23.
Ku itariki ya 19/07/2025, impande zombi zasinyiye i Doha Amasezerano y’Amahame, aho ziyemeje gukomeza inzira iganisha ku guhagarika burundu imirwano, gushyiraho uburyo bwo kubahiriza ihagarikwa ry’imirwano, korohereza itahuka ry’impunzi n’abaturage bavanywe mu byabo, no gusubiza ubutegetsi bwa Leta aho bwambuwe.
Nyuma, inzira ya Doha yanageze ku masezerano ajyanye no gukurikirana no kugenzura ihagarikwa ry’imirwano. Mu kwezi kwa Kane 2026, Leta ya RDC na AFC/M23 bashyize umukono kuri Protocol on Humanitarian Access and Judicial Protection, igamije korohereza ubufasha bw’abatabazi kugera ku baturage mu buryo bwihuse, butekanye kandi budakumirwa.
Ibi bigaragaza ko Doha itari igamije gusa ibiganiro bya politiki, ahubwo yari inafite ibice byibanda ku mutekano w’abaturage no ku burenganzira bwa muntu.
Kuki amasezerano atahise ashyirwa mu bikorwa uko byari biteganyijwe?
Nubwo hari intambwe zimwe zatewe, Loni yagaragaje ko kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye ari ukutumvikana ku buryo ingingo z’amasezerano zagombaga gushyirwa mu bikorwa.
Raporo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ivuga ko RDC n’u Rwanda bakomeje gusobanura mu buryo butandukanye zimwe mu ngingo z’Amasezerano ya Washington. Ibyo byateje kutumvikana ndetse n’ubukererwe mu gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda zari zarumvikanweho.
Ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyari kijyanye n’urutonde rw’ibikorwa, igihe byagombaga gukorerwa ndetse n’uwagombaga kubanza gukora igikorwa runaka, cyane cyane ku kibazo cyo guhangana na FDLR, gutandukanya ingabo no gukuraho ingamba z’umutekano u Rwanda rwari rwarashyizeho.
Ku ruhande rwa Doha, ibiganiro na byo byahuye n’ibibazo bijyanye n’ibyo AFC/M23 yasabaga, birimo n’ikibazo cyo kurekura imfungwa. Loni ivuga ko ibyo bibazo byatumye ibiganiro bidindira, nubwo impande zombi zakomeje guhura no gushaka ibisubizo.
Umwanya wa Leta ya Kinshasa
Leta ya RDC ivuga ko yubahirije inshingano zayo kandi ko ikibazo gikomeye kiri ku iyubahirizwa ry’amasezerano ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda.
Mu mpera za 2025, Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yavuze ko RDC yiyemeje gushyira mu bikorwa mu buryo bwuzuye inshingano zaturutse ku masezerano ya Washington.
Mu kwezi kwa kabiri 2026, ubwo yavuganaga na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Tshisekedi yongeye kugaragaza ko gushyira mu bikorwa neza ibyo impande zombi ziyemeje ari kimwe mu byibandwaho. Perezida wa RDC yavuze kandi ko igihugu cye cyiteguye gukomeza inzira ya dipolomasi.
Mu kwezi kwa Munani 2026, Perezida Tshisekedi yongeye kuvuga ko RDC ikomeje inzira ya dipolomasi, ariko ashinja u Rwanda kutagira ubushake buhagije bwo gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo rwiyemeje.
Ibi ni ibisobanuro byatanzwe na Kinshasa; ntabwo bivuze ko ari umwanzuro wigenga wa Loni ku ruhare rwa buri ruhande.
Ku rundi ruhande, inyandiko za Loni zerekana ko ikibazo cy’ishyirwa mu bikorwa kitagarukira ku ruhande rumwe gusa, kuko RDC n’u Rwanda byombi byagiye bisobanura zimwe mu ngingo mu buryo butandukanye, bikagira ingaruka ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryazo.
Ikibazo gikomeye: Amasezerano menshi, ariko umutekano w’abana uracyari ikibazo
Nubwo Washington na Doha byatanze inzira nshya ya dipolomasi, imibare y’abana bakomeje kwibasirwa n’intambara iracyateye impungenge.
Loni ivuga ko umwaka wa 2025 wabaye umwe mu myaka mibi cyane ku bana muri RDC, kuva gahunda yo gukurikirana ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana mu ntambara yatangira mu 2005.
Abana barishwe, barakomereka, barashimutwa, bakoreshwa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorana bya hafi na Leta y’i Kinshasa, ndetse bakorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, mu gihe amashuri n’ibitaro na byo byibasiwe.
Loni isaba ko kurengera abana bidakwiye kuba gusa igika kiri mu masezerano y’amahoro, ahubwo ko kurengera abana bigomba kuba igice cy’ingenzi mu biganiro by’amahoro, mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano no mu butabera.
Irasaba kandi ko abana bari mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro barekurwa kandi bagafashwa gusubira mu buzima busanzwe, ndetse ko ababakozeho ibyaha bakurikiranwa n’amategeko.
Hagati y’impapuro z’amasezerano n’ukuri kw’abaturage
Nubwo Washington na Doha byashyizeho uburyo bushya bwo gushaka amahoro, Loni yakomeje kugaragaza itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibyo impande zemeranya ku mpapuro n’ibibera ku butaka.
Mu kwezi kwa Gatandatu 2026, intumwa nshya ya Loni muri RDC, James Swan, yasabye impande zose gukomeza inzira y’amahoro no gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo ziyemeje.
Yavuze ko inzira za Washington, Doha n’izindi gahunda z’ubuhuza zashyizeho inzira yumvikanyweho yo gukemura ikibazo, ariko ko hakenewe ko iyo nzira ihinduka ibikorwa bifatika.
Ku ruhande rwa Kinshasa, Leta ikomeje gusaba ko ibyo yasinyiye i Washington na Doha bishyirwa mu bikorwa, mu gihe ishimangira ko guhagarika imirwano, kubahiriza ubusugire bwa RDC no gukemura ikibazo cy’umutekano mu Burasirazuba ari byo shingiro ry’amahoro arambye.
Ikibazo gisigaye ni ukumenya niba impande zose zizava ku masezerano ari ku mpapuro zikagera ku bikorwa bifatika ku butaka, ku buryo abaturage, cyane cyane abana, batongera gukomeza kwishyura ikiguzi cy’intambara imaze imyaka myinshi.
MINEMBWE CAPITAL NEWS (MCN)
