RDC mu Ihurizo Rikomeye: Imishyikirano Rusange Ikomeje Guteza Impaka hagati y’Igisubizo cy’Amahoro n’Inyungu za Politiki
Mu gihe Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) ikomeje guhangana n’ibibazo bikomeye by’umutekano n’imiyoborere, abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bagenda barushaho gushyira imbere igitekerezo cy’imishyikirano rusange (dialogue inclusif) nk’inzira rukumbi yo gusohoka mu bibazo igihugu kirimo.
Ibi bije mu gihe impaka zikomeje kwiyongera ku ruhare iyi mishyikirano ishobora kugira: bamwe bayibona nk’umuti w’ibibazo, abandi bakayikeka nk’inzira ishobora gukoreshwa mu nyungu za politiki, harimo no guhindura Itegeko Nshinga.
Mu butumwa bwatambutse ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa X, umunyapolitiki utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, Moïse Katumbi, yashimangiye ko nta yindi nzira ishoboka uretse ibiganiro bihuriweho n’impande zose.
Yagize ati: “Igihugu kiri gusesagura umutungo mu bintu bidafite umumaro, ingendo zidafite akamaro, mu gihe abaturage bakomeje kubabazwa. Igisubizo rukumbi ni ibiganiro bihuriweho n’impande zose kugira ngo amaraso ameneka ahagarare.”
Katumbi, uyoboye ishyaka Ensemble pour la République, yagaragaje ko ikibazo cy’amatora ya 2023 cyagize uruhare runini mu bibazo igihugu kirimo uyu munsi.
Yongeyeho ko kongera kuzana impaka ku Itegeko Nshinga muri iki gihe, mu gihe igihugu gifite n’intambara mu burasirazuba bwacyo, ari ibintu bidakwiye.
Amatora rusange yabaye mu 2023 muri RDC yakomeje kuvugwaho kutanozwa neza, aho abatavuga rumwe na Leta bayashinje kuba yarabayemo uburiganya n’imiyoborere idakwiye.
Undi munyapolitiki ukomeye utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, Martin Fayulu, na we ashyigikiye ko habaho ibiganiro by’igihugu, avuga ko ari bwo buryo bwonyine bwo gukemura ikibazo cy’icyizere gike abaturage bafitiye inzego bishyiriyeho.
Uyu mushinga wiswe uwo “guhuriza hamwe Abanye-Congo bose” (cohésion nationale), ugamije guhuza impande zose—politiki, sosiyete sivile n’amadini—kugira ngo habeho ubwumvikane ku miyoborere y’igihugu mbere yo gukora impinduka zikomeye.
Perezida wa RDC, Félix Tshisekedi, we mu bihe byashize yagiye yanga igitekerezo cy’imishyikirano, agaragaza ko nta kibazo cy’inzego z’igihugu cyakwitwazwa ngo habeho ibiganiro byo hanze y’amategeko.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, mu minsi ya vuba aha yatangiye kugaragaza ko ashobora kwemera ibiganiro, ariko ashyiraho amananiza akomeye, arimo:
Ko ibiganiro bizabera imbere mu gihugu;
Ko bizubahiriza inzego zisanzweho;
Ko bitazakoreshwa nk’urubuga rwo kuganira n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro nka M23.
Ibi byatumye bamwe mu batavuga rumwe na Leta bakeka ko ubutegetsi bushobora gukoresha iyi mishyikirano mu rwego rwo gushimangira umugambi wabwo wo guhindura Itegeko Nshinga.
Mu gihe impaka zikomeje gufata indi ntera, amadini akomeye muri RDC, arimo CENCO na ECC, yatangiye kugaragaza ubushake bwo kuba abahuza.
Aya madini yamaze gushyira ahagaragara umurongo ngenderwaho w’ibiganiro bigamije guhuza Abanye-Congo bose, mu rwego rwo gushaka amahoro arambye.
Ibi biganiro bigamije gushyiraho amasezerano mashya yiswe “Pacte social pour la paix et le bien-vivre ensemble”, agamije kugarura ituze n’ubwumvikane, haba muri RDC ndetse no mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.
Ibibazo bya politiki muri RDC bifitanye isano n’amateka maremare y’umutekano muke, cyane cyane mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu, aho imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikomeje kwiyongera.
Muri iki gihe, ibikorwa by’imirwano hagati y’ingabo za FARDC n’ihuriro AFC/M23 bivugwaho gukomeza kwiyongera, ndetse hakaba n’ibirego by’uko ingabo za Leta zigaba ibitero mu mihana ituwe n’Abanyamulenge mu Minembwe n’ahandi, aho bivugwa ko hari impungenge z’umutekano wabo n’uw’Abatutsi muri rusange bo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Iyi ntambara, iherekejwe n’ibibazo by’ubukungu n’imiyoborere, ni yo ituma igitekerezo cy’imishyikirano rusange kirushaho gufata imbaraga mu gihugu.
Mu by’ukuri, RDC iri mu mahitamo akomeye: kwakira ibiganiro bishobora gutanga ibisubizo byihuse ku bibazo by’umutekano n’imiyoborere, cyangwa gukomeza inzira isanzwe ishobora guteza impaka n’ubushyamirane.
Icyakora, impungenge zikomeje kuba nyinshi ku mpande zombi—abatavuga rumwe na Leta batinya ko ubutegetsi bwabyifashisha mu nyungu zabwo, naho ubutegetsi bukifuza kwirinda ibiganiro byashobora gutesha agaciro inzego zashyizweho n’amatora.
Icyizere kiri mu ruhare rw’abahuza, cyane cyane amadini, ashobora gufasha mu gushaka inzira y’ubwumvikane izashyira imbere inyungu rusange z’Abanye-Congo.
Mu gihe ibintu bikomeje kuba urujijo, amaso yose areba niba iyi mishyikirano ishobora kuba intangiriro y’amahoro arambye, cyangwa indi soko y’amakimbirane mashya muri RDC.
