U Burundi Buyoboye Afurika mu Gihe Imvugo Zivuguruzanya ku Mutekano wa Congo Zikomeje Guteza Impaka
Mu gihe u Burundi bukomeje kuyobora Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU), amagambo aherutse gutangazwa na Perezida Évariste Ndayishimiye ku bijyanye n’uruhare rw’ingabo z’u Burundi mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo yakomeje guteza impaka mu rwego rwa dipolomasi no mu isesengura rya politiki yo mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.
Abasesenguzi benshi bavuga ko muri ibi bihe Afurika iri mu bibazo bikomeye by’umutekano, cyane cyane mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, Sudani ndetse no muri Sahel, bityo igihugu kiyoboye AU gisabwa gutanga umurongo usobanutse kandi uhamye ku bibazo by’umutekano n’ubufatanye bwa gisirikare. Nyamara, amagambo atandukanye yagiye atangwa n’ubuyobozi bw’u Burundi ku mikoranire y’ingabo zabwo na FARDC ndetse n’imitwe irimo FDLR yakomeje guteza urujijo ku murongo wa politiki igihugu gikurikiza muri ako karere.
Mu kiganiro Perezida Évariste Ndayishimiye yahaye Jeune Afrique, yavuze ko ingabo z’u Burundi ziri gukorera muri Congo ziri munsi y’ubuyobozi bwa FARDC, ariko anongeraho ko zikora mu buryo bwazo bwigenga. Aya magambo yahise ateza impaka mu basesenguzi bibaza uburyo ingabo zaba ziyoborwa na FARDC ariko nanone zikagira ubwigenge mu mikorere yazo ya gisirikare.
Muri icyo kiganiro kandi, Perezida w’u Burundi yahakanye ko igihugu cye gikorana n’umutwe wa FDLR, umutwe umaze igihe ushinjwa ibikorwa bihungabanya umutekano mu karere, ndetse unashinjwa uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Nyamara mbere y’aho, mu kiganiro yahaye BBC, amagambo ye ku bijyanye n’iyo mikoranire yasize benshi mu rujijo, nyuma yo gukoresha umugani ugira uti: “umwanzi w’umwanzi wanjye ni inshuti yanjye.” Iyi mvugo yahise ifatwa nk’ifungura inzira y’andi masesengura ku buryo u Burundi bushobora kuba bufite imikoranire itaziguye cyangwa iziguye n’imitwe ikorera muri Congo.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko gukoresha imvugo z’imigani cyangwa amagambo adasobanutse ku bibazo bikomeye by’umutekano bishobora gutuma ubutumwa bwa politiki budasobanuka neza ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Mu myaka yashize, u Burundi bwagiye bugaragaza ubushake bwo kugira uruhare rukomeye mu bibazo by’umutekano byo mu karere. Nyuma y’aho Perezida Évariste Ndayishimiye agereye ku butegetsi, igihugu cyatangiye kongera kwiyegereza imiryango mpuzamahanga no gusubira mu mubano mwiza n’ibindi bihugu, nyuma y’ibihe by’ibibazo bya politiki byakurikiye manda ya Pierre Nkurunziza.
Kuri ubu, u Burundi bufite inyungu zikomeye mu mutekano wo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo kubera impungenge z’imitwe yitwaje intwaro irimo RED-Tabara, umutwe urwanya ubutegetsi bw’i Gitega ukorera hafi y’umupaka wa Congo. Ibi byatumye u Burundi bwohereza ingabo muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo n’ahandi mu rwego rwo gukurikirana iyo mitwe.
Ariko kandi, kuba ingabo z’u Burundi zikorana bya hafi na FARDC mu gihe hari ibirego by’uko FARDC ikorana n’imitwe nka FDLR, bikomeje gushyira Gitega mu mwanya ukomeye wa dipolomasi, cyane cyane imbere y’u Rwanda rushinja FDLR gukomeza guhungabanya umutekano warwo.
Kuba u Burundi ari bwo buyoboye Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe muri iki gihe byatumye benshi barushaho gukurikiranira hafi uburyo bwitwara ku bibazo by’umutekano biri ku mugabane.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko igihugu kiyoboye AU gisabwa gutanga ubutumwa buhamye kandi butajegajega, cyane cyane ku bibazo by’intambara n’imikoranire y’ingabo. Ibi ni ingenzi kuko amagambo y’umukuru w’igihugu ashobora gufatwa nk’icyerekezo cya dipolomasi y’umugabane wose.
Mu rwego rwa dipolomasi, amagambo ashobora gusobanurwa mu buryo bwinshi cyangwa adasobanutse neza ashobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye. Mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, aho ibihugu byinshi bifitanye amateka y’intambara, kutizerana n’amakimbirane ya politiki, ijambo rito rishobora guhinduka ikibazo gikomeye cya dipolomasi cyangwa umutekano.
Abasesenguzi ba politiki mpuzamahanga bavuga ko ikibazo gikomeye kigaragara atari gusa ibikorwa u Burundi bukora ku rugamba, ahubwo ari n’uburyo bubisobanura mu ruhando mpuzamahanga.
Iyo ubuyobozi butanze ubutumwa butandukanye ku kibazo kimwe, bishobora gutuma habaho:
- gukemanga umurongo wa politiki igihugu gikurikiza;
- kwiyongera kw’ukutizerana hagati y’ibihugu byo mu karere;
- guha icyuho imitwe cyangwa ibihugu bifite inyungu zitandukanye mu gukoresha ayo magambo mu nyungu zabyo;
- ndetse no kugabanya icyizere amahanga afitiye ubuyobozi bw’igihugu.
Mu bihe by’intambara cyangwa ibibazo by’umutekano, ijambo rya Perezida rifatwa nk’umurongo wa Leta yose. Iyo ridasobanutse neza, bishobora gutuma n’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga batamenya neza aho igihugu gihagaze.
Mu gihe intambara yo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo ikomeje gukaza umurego, Afurika ndetse n’amahanga bakomeje guhanga amaso ibihugu bifite uruhare muri uwo mutekano. U Burundi, nk’igihugu kiyoboye AU, buri mu mwanya usaba ubushishozi bukomeye mu magambo no mu bikorwa.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko kugira umurongo usobanutse kandi uhamye ari kimwe mu byafasha kugabanya urujijo no kongera icyizere mu ruhare rw’u Burundi mu gushaka amahoro mu karere.
Mu rwego rwa dipolomasi y’iki gihe, si imbaraga z’igisirikare gusa zigira uruhare, ahubwo n’uburyo igihugu gisobanura politiki yacyo nabwo bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku cyizere mpuzamahanga kigifitiye.
