Intambara yo Kurimbura no Kwirukana Abanyamulenge: Amateka y’Ibitero Bimaze Imyaka Myinshi mu Misozi ya Minembwe (i Mulenge)
Mu myaka myinshi ishize, cyane cyane mu misozi ya Minembwe no mu bice byinshi bya teritwari za Fizi, Uvira na Mwenga mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ikibazo cy’umutekano muke cyagiye gifata indi ntera, kigira ingaruka zikomeye ku baturage b’Abanyamulenge.
Abasesenguzi batandukanye, abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ndetse n’abaturage bo muri ibyo bice bavuga ko ibyo bitero bitari intambara zisanzwe zishingiye gusa ku makimbirane y’aborozi cyangwa ku butaka, ahubwo ko byagiye bifata isura ya politiki, ivangura n’umugambi wo guheza cyangwa kwimura abaturage bamaze imyaka myinshi batuye muri ibyo bice.
Amateka agaragaza ko ibitero byibasira Abanyamulenge atari ibyatangiye mu mwaka wa 2017 gusa, ahubwo ko bifite inkomoko ya kera cyane, byagiye bisiga amateka y’amarira, ubwicanyi, ubuhunzi no kunyagwa amatungo.
Mu mwaka wa 1964, mu gihe cya rebellion ya Pierre Mulele, umutwe wari uzwi nka Mai-Mulele wagabye ibitero bikomeye ku Banyamulenge n’amatungo yabo mu misozi ya Minembwe n’ahandi.
Icyo gihe abaturage benshi barishwe, inka ziranyagwa, imihana iratwikwa, abenshi bahungira mu bice bitandukanye birimo Baraka na Uvira.
Mu bantu bazize ibyo bitero harimo uwari Chef Mushishi Karori, kimwe n’abana, abagabo n’abasaza benshi biciwe mu bice bitandukanye.
Amateka agaragaza ko:
ku Gatongo hiciwe abantu babarirwa mu mirongo;
Kwirumba hicirwa abaturage babarirwa mu magana;
i Kabera no mu Bibogobogo na ho hicirwa abandi benshi cyane mu bihe by’intambara zo mu 1996.
Iyo myaka yasigiye Abanyamulenge amateka y’ubuhunzi n’ubwoba, aho benshi bataye ibyabo, abandi bakicwa bazizwa gusa inkomoko yabo.
Nubwo ibibazo by’umutekano byakomeje kubaho imyaka myinshi, umwaka wa 2017 ni wo wafashwe nk’igihe intambara yongeye gukaza umurego mu buryo budasanzwe.
Muri uwo mwaka, imitwe ya Mai-Mai yibumbiye hamwe mu bitero bikomeye byibasiye ibice byinshi bituwe n’Abanyamulenge, harimo:
Minembwe;
Mibunda;
i Ndondo;
Rurambo;
i Cyohagati;
Bibogobogo;
Rugezi;
Gitumba n’ahandi.
Abaturage bavuga ko ibyo bitero byari bigambiriye gutwika imihana, kwica abaturage no kubirukana ku butaka bwabo.
Mu bahitanywe n’iyo ntambara harimo abana, abagore n’abasaza, aho imibare itangazwa n’abaturage n’imiryango itandukanye ivuga ko abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi bishwe, abandi baburirwa irengero kuva icyo gihe.
Ibice byinshi byarasenywe, amashuri n’amavuriro birasahurwa, abaturage benshi bahungira mu misozi no mu bihugu by’amahanga.
Ubworozi bw’inka ni bwo nkingi y’ubuzima bw’Abanyamulenge kuva kera. Ariko intambara yakomeje kubibasira yasenye bikomeye ubukungu bwabo.
Mu kiganiro Minembwe Capital News yagiranye n’umwe mu borozi bazwi cyane witwa Byicyaza Muruburi, yavuze ko inka zirenga ibihumbi 500 zimaze kunyagwa mu myaka y’intambara.
Yagaragaje ko izo nka zanyagiwe cyane:
mu Matanganika;
i Ngandji;
Kirisi;
Mirimba;
Minembwe;
Mibunda;
i Ndondo;
Rurambo n’ahandi.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko kunyaga amatungo byari uburyo bwo gusenya ubushobozi bw’ubukungu bw’Abanyamulenge kugira ngo batakaze ubushobozi bwo gukomeza kubaho muri ibyo bice.
Amateka agaragaza ko Abanyamulenge bari batuye mu bice byinshi byo mu misozi miremire ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Mu bice byari bituwe cyane harimo:
Minembwe;
i Ndondo;
Rurambo;
Mibunda;
Bibogobogo;
Rugezi;
Gitumba;
i Cyohagati.
Hari kandi n’ahandi bari batuye kuva kera harimo Mirimba, Ngandji na Byura.
Gusa intambara zo mu 1996 n’izakurikiyeho zatumye bahunga ibyo bice, bamwe berekeza i Minembwe, abandi bajya mu mahanga.
Kuri ubu, amakuru ava muri ako karere agaragaza ko Abanyamulenge benshi basigaye batuye mu gace ka Minembwe nyuma yo kuva mu bice byinshi bari batuyemo.
Mbere y’uko ibitero byiyongera mu 2017, imitwe ya Mai-Mai yakunze gutangaza amagambo asesereza Abanyamulenge, ibita “Abanyarwanda”, ndetse ikavuga ko igamije kubakura ku butaka bwa Congo.
Izo mvugo zakomeje kwamaganwa n’abasesenguzi bavuga ko zagiye zongera urwango rushingiye ku moko no ku nkomoko.
Abanyamulenge bavuga ko bamaze imyaka myinshi ari abaturage ba Congo kandi ko gukomeza kubita abanyamahanga ari imwe mu mpamvu zatumye bahura n’ihohoterwa rikomeye.
Hari abasesenguzi bavuga ko intambara yabaye uburyo bwo:
kubirukana ku butaka bwabo;
gusenya ubukungu bwabo;
no kubaca intege nk’umuryango mugari utuye muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Kubera gukomeza kugabwaho ibitero, Abanyamulenge bashinze umutwe witwa Twirwaneho bavuga ko ugamije kwirwanaho no kurinda abaturage.
Uyu mutwe watangiye wirwanaho usubiza inyuma ibitero bya Mai-Mai n’indi mitwe yari imaze imyaka yibasira abaturage b’Abanyamulenge.
Kuva icyo gihe, intambara yarushijeho gukaza umurego, aho buri ruhande rwagiye rushinja urundi guteza umutekano muke muri ako karere.
Amakuru atandukanye ava mu karere avuga ko, nubwo intambara yatangiye cyane ihanganishije Mai-Mai n’Abanyamulenge, nyuma y’umwaka wa 2019 ibintu byarahindutse.
Hari abavuga ko bamwe mu banyapolitiki b’i Kinshasa bashyigikiye ibikorwa byo kurwanya Abanyamulenge mu rwego rwa politiki n’umutekano.
Nyuma y’uko Félix Tshisekedi ageze ku butegetsi, abaturage bo muri Minembwe n’ahandi bakomeje kuvuga ko:
FARDC;
FDLR;
Wazalendo;
n’indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro
byatangiye gukorera hamwe mu bitero byagabwaga mu bice bituwe n’Abanyamulenge.
Ibi birego Leta ya Congo yakunze kubihakana, ikavuga ko ibikorwa bya gisirikare byari bigamije guhashya imitwe yitwaje intwaro yose iri mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo. Ariko amakuru ava muri ako karere avuga ko ubu bufatanye bwakomeje kuvugwa mu bitero byagabwaga ku Banyamulenge no mu kunyaga amatungo yabo.
Mu mwaka wa 2022, amakuru yakomeje kuvuga ko ingabo z’u Burundi zinjiye mu bikorwa bya gisirikare mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, aho abaturage bavuga ko zagize uruhare mu bitero byabereye mu mihana ituwe n’Abanyamulenge.
Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2023, intambara yongeye gufata indi ntera ubwo hatangiraga gukoreshwa indege zitagira abapilote zizwi nka drones.
Abaturage bavuga ko izo drones:
zasenye amazu;
zishe abaturage;
zishe amatungo;
ndetse zangiza ibikorwa remezo by’abaturage.
Ibi byakomeje guteza impungenge ku buzima bw’abaturage bari bamaze imyaka myinshi mu buhungiro no mu ntambara idashira.
Abaturage benshi bo muri Minembwe bavuga ko bababazwa no kubona umuryango mpuzamahanga ukomeje kurebera ibyo bavuga ko ari ihohoterwa rikomeye rikorerwa abasivile.
Hari abashinja Umuryango w’Abibumbye n’imiryango mpuzamahanga kudatanga igitutu gihagije kugira ngo abaturage barindwe cyangwa haboneke igisubizo cya politiki kirambye.
Gusa ku rundi ruhande, imiryango mpuzamahanga ikomeje gusaba impande zose ziri mu ntambara kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu no guhagarika ibikorwa byibasira abasivile.
Ikibazo cy’intambara n’umutekano muke mu bice bituwe n’Abanyamulenge gikomeje kuba kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye kandi bimaze imyaka myinshi mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Amateka y’ibi bitero agaragaza uruhurirane rw’ibibazo bya politiki, ubwoko, ubutaka, ubwenegihugu n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro byakomeje kuzambya amahoro muri ako karere.
Mu gihe abaturage bakomeje gusaba uburenganzira bwo kubaho mu mutekano no ku butaka bwabo, hakomeje kubazwa ibibazo byinshi ku ruhare rwa Leta ya Congo, imitwe yitwaje intwaro, ibihugu byo mu karere ndetse n’umuryango mpuzamahanga mu gushakira umuti urambye iyi ntambara imaze imyaka myinshi ihitana ubuzima bw’abaturage.
