RDC mu Ihurizo Rikomeye: Ubutumwa Bukomeye bw’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, Ihungabana rya Politiki i Kinshasa n’Ibibazo by’Umutekano Bikomeje Kuvugisha Isi Yose
Mu gihe Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) ikomeje guhangana n’ibibazo bikomeye bya politiki, umutekano n’uburenganzira bwa muntu, Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU) watangaje ko uhangayikishijwe n’ibyabaye i Kinshasa tariki ya 12/06/2026, aho habaye imyigaragambyo yaranzwe n’urugomo, igahitana abantu ndetse ikanasiga abandi benshi bakomeretse.
Mu itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, hagaragajwe ko ubwisanzure bwa politiki n’uburenganzira bwo kwigaragambya mu mahoro ari inkingi z’ingenzi za demokarasi. EU yavuze ko ibabajwe n’imfu n’imvune zikomeye byatewe n’imvururu zabaye i Kinshasa, isaba ubuyobozi bwa Congo gukora iperereza ryigenga kandi rinonosoye kugira ngo hamenyekane ukuri ku byabaye.
Iri tangazo rije mu gihe igihugu cya Congo kiri mu bihe bikomeye bya politiki, aho abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi bakomeje kunenga uburyo ubutegetsi bwe bukemura ibibazo by’umutekano n’imiyoborere.
Kuva Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yajya ku butegetsi mu mwaka wa 2019, RDC yakomeje guhangana n’ibibazo byinshi birimo imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu, amakimbirane ashingiye ku moko ndetse n’ibibazo byo kubaka inzego za demokarasi zikomeye.
Nubwo ubutegetsi bwa Tshisekedi bwagiye bushimwa mu bikorwa bimwe byo gufungura urubuga rwa politiki no kongera ubufatanye mpuzamahanga, abanenga Leta bavuga ko ikibazo cy’umutekano gikomeje kuzamba, cyane cyane mu Ntara za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Imyigaragambyo yabereye i Kinshasa yagaragaje ko hari icyuho gikomeje kwiyongera hagati ya Leta n’abatavuga rumwe na yo. Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ibibazo by’umutekano bikomeje kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho y’abaturage ndetse no ku cyizere cy’abashoramari mpuzamahanga.
Mu gihe benshi bibanze kuri politiki y’i Kinshasa, ikibazo cy’umutekano mu misozi ya Minembwe muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo gikomeje guteza impungenge zikomeye.
Raporo zitandukanye zituruka mu baturage, imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta n’abasesenguzi b’akarere zikomeje kuvuga ku bitero byibasira abaturage b’Abanyamulenge batuye mu bice bya Minembwe, Bijombo, Mikenge, Rurambo n’ahandi.
Hari ibirego byakomeje kuvugwa n’imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ndetse n’abayobozi bamwe bo mu mashyirahamwe atandukanye, bashinja ihuriro rigizwe n’ingabo za FARDC, ingabo z’u Burundi, imitwe ya Wazalendo n’abarwanyi ba FDLR kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’intambara no mu bitero byibasira abaturage.
Ibyo birego byagiye bivugwa mu gihe Leta ya Congo n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo bo bakomeje kuvuga ko ibikorwa bya gisirikare bigamije kurwanya imitwe yitwaje intwaro no kugarura ubutegetsi bwa Leta muri ibyo bice.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ikibazo cya Minembwe gikwiye gukurikiranwa mu buryo bwigenga kugira ngo hamenyekane ukuri ku birego byose bivugwa n’impande zitandukanye.
Ibibazo byo muri Minembwe ntabwo bitangiye uyu munsi. Mu myaka myinshi ishize, ako karere kabaye isibaniro ry’amakimbirane ashingiye ku butaka, ubwenegihugu, imiyoborere y’inzego z’ibanze ndetse n’imibanire y’amoko atandukanye atuye muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Abanyamulenge, bamaze ibinyejana byinshi batuye mu misozi y’i Mulenge, bakunze kugaragaza impungenge ku mutekano wabo no ku burenganzira bwabo nk’abaturage ba Congo. Mu bihe bitandukanye by’intambara zabaye muri Congo kuva mu myaka ya kera, by’umwihariko kuva mu 1964, abaturage benshi b’Abanyamulenge bagiye bahura n’ibitero, kwimurwa ku gahato no gutakaza imitungo yabo.
Ibi ni bimwe mu bituma ikibazo cyabo gikomeza kuba kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye kandi bigoye gusobanukirwa mu rwego rwa politiki n’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Imiryango mpuzamahanga irimo Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU), Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU), Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU), Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International n’indi miryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu yakomeje gusabwa gukurikirana ibyaha byose bishobora gukorerwa abasivili mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Mu mahame mpuzamahanga agenga uburenganzira bwa muntu, abaturage bose bagomba kurindwa hatitawe ku bwoko, idini cyangwa inkomoko yabo. Iyo hari ibirego by’uko abaturage runaka bibasirwa kubera uko bavutse cyangwa ubwoko bwabo, bisaba iperereza ryigenga kandi ryizewe kugira ngo hamenyekane ukuri.
Abasesenguzi bamwe bavuga ko kutagira amakuru ahagije ava mu bice by’intambara, inyungu za politiki z’ibihugu bikomeye ndetse n’ubusumbane mu buryo amakuru mpuzamahanga atangazwa, biri mu bishobora gutuma ibibazo bimwe bidahabwa uburemere bumwe ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, RDC ni igihugu gifite akamaro gakomeye kubera umutungo kamere gikungahayeho, harimo coltan, cobalt, zahabu, lithium n’andi mabuye y’agaciro akenewe cyane mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.
Amerika n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi bakomeje gushimangira ko bashyigikiye ubusugire bwa Congo, amahoro n’ubutegetsi bushingiye kuri demokarasi.
U Bushinwa bwo bukomeje kuba umwe mu bafatanyabikorwa bakomeye ba Congo mu rwego rw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ishoramari mu bikorwaremezo.
U Burusiya na bwo bukomeje kwagura umubano wabwo n’ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika, harimo na RDC, binyuze mu bufatanye bwa gisirikare, ubucuruzi n’ububanyi n’amahanga.
Ku ruhande rw’u Bufaransa, Paris ikomeje gukurikirana hafi ibibazo bya Congo kubera amateka n’inyungu zayo muri Afurika yo Hagati no mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.
Abasesenguzi benshi bemeza ko amahoro arambye muri RDC atazagerwaho gusa binyuze mu ngufu za gisirikare, ahubwo asaba ibiganiro bya politiki byimbitse, ubutabera buboneye, kubaha uburenganzira bwa muntu no gukemura ibibazo by’amateka bimaze imyaka myinshi.
Mu gihe i Kinshasa hakomeje impaka za politiki, naho mu Burasirazuba hakomeje imirwano n’ibirego bikomeye by’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abasivili, RDC iri mu bihe bishobora kugena ejo hazaza hacyo.
Ubutumwa bwatanzwe n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi ku byabereye i Kinshasa bwongeye kwibutsa ko amahoro, demokarasi n’uburenganzira bwa muntu ari inkingi igihugu cyose kigomba kubakiraho.
Ariko kandi, ikibazo cy’umutekano muri Minembwe no mu bindi bice by’Uburasirazuba bwa Congo gikomeje gusaba ko habaho ubushake bwa politiki, ibiganiro byimbitse n’iperereza ryigenga ku byaha byose bivugwa, kugira ngo abaturage bose ba Congo, barimo n’Abanyamulenge, babashe kubaho bafite umutekano, uburenganzira bungana n’ubutabera buboneye.
