Amerika na Iran Zegereje Intambara Yeruye: Ibitero Bishya Byakangaranije Isi, Umuhora wa Hormuz Ujya Mu Kaga
Umwuka mubi hagati ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Iran wongeye gukaza umurego nyuma y’uruhererekane rw’ibitero bya gisirikare impande zombi zikomeje kugabanaho. Ibi bibaye mu gihe amahanga yari yitezweho ko agahenge kari kamaze amezi make hagati y’ibi bihugu byombi gashobora gutanga icyizere cy’amahoro arambye mu karere k’Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati.
Amakuru aturuka mu nzego za gisirikare n’ibitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga agaragaza ko Iran yagabye ibitero ku birindiro bya gisirikare bya Amerika biri mu bihugu byo mu Kigobe, mu rwego rwo kwihimura ku bitero bishya Amerika yari imaze kugaba ku bikorwa bya gisirikare bya Iran.
Ibi bitero bishya byatumye impungenge ziyongera ku rwego mpuzamahanga, aho abasesenguzi benshi batangiye kwibaza niba akarere kose katari kegereje intambara ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bukungu bw’isi yose.
Ubuyobozi Bukuru bw’Ingabo za Amerika bukorera mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati (CENTCOM) bwatangaje ko bwakomeje ibikorwa bwise ibyo “kwivuna” ku nshuro ya kabiri ikurikiranye.
Ibi bitero byagabwe nyuma y’amagambo yavuzwe na Perezida Donald Trump, aho yatangaje ko Iran yatinze cyane kugera ku masezerano yo guhagarika ibikorwa bya gisirikare. Yanavuze ko Amerika ishobora gufata ibyemezo bikomeye cyane mu gihe Tehran yakomeza kutubahiriza ibyo isabwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga.
Nk’uko amakuru abigaragaza, ibitero bya Amerika byibanze ku bikorwa remezo bya gisirikare byo mu majyepfo ya Iran, cyane cyane hafi y’Umuhora wa Hormuz, ahafatwa nk’ahantu h’ingenzi ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga bw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Ibikorwa byagabweho ibitero birimo sisitemu zo kwirinda ibitero byo mu kirere, amaradar (radars), ibigo by’itumanaho bya gisirikare n’ibindi bikorwaremezo bifasha Iran kugenzura ikirere n’inyanja.
Mu gusubiza ibyo bitero, Iran yatangaje ko yagabye ibitero ku birindiro bya gisirikare bya Amerika biri muri Bahrain na Kuwait, ibihugu byombi bifatwa nk’abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye ba Washington muri aka karere.
Abayobozi ba Iran bavuze ko ibyo bitero ari ubutumwa bugaragaza ko igihugu cyabo kitazemera gukomeza kugabwaho ibitero kidafashe ingamba zo kwirwanaho.
Nubwo hataramenyekana ingano y’ibyangiritse cyangwa niba hari abasirikare bahasize ubuzima, impande zombi zikomeje kuvuga ko zifite ubushobozi bwo gukomeza ibikorwa bya gisirikare igihe cyose byaba bibaye ngombwa.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko iki ari kimwe mu bihe bikomeye cyane mu mubano wa Amerika na Iran mu myaka ya vuba, cyane cyane ko ibihugu byombi bikomeje gukoresha imvugo zikakaye no kongera ibikorwa bya gisirikare.
Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye byagarutsweho muri iyi minsi ni ibijyanye n’umutekano w’Umuhora wa Hormuz, umuhora ufatwa nk’umutima w’ubucuruzi bwa peteroli ku isi.
Bivugwa ko Ishami rya Gisirikare ririnda Ubutegetsi bwa Kiyisilamu bwa Iran (IRGC) ryatangaje ko ryarashe amato abiri manini atwara peteroli yari muri uwo muhora.
Nubwo ibyo byatangajwe n’ibitangazamakuru bya Leta ya Iran, andi masoko yigenga ntarabyemeza.
Mbere y’aho, ibinyamakuru bya Leta ya Iran byari byatangaje ko Umuhora wa Hormuz wafunzwe ku bwoko bwose bw’amato. Icyakora, ubuyobozi bwa CENTCOM bwahakanye ayo makuru, buvuga ko amato y’ubucuruzi akomeje kuwunyuramo nk’ibisanzwe, yaba ayinjira cyangwa ayawusohokamo.
Abahanga mu bukungu bavuga ko gufungwa burundu k’uyu muhora byagira ingaruka zikomeye ku isoko mpuzamahanga rya peteroli, kuko igice kinini cya peteroli ikoreshwa ku isi kinyura muri uwo muhora.
Amakimbirane hagati ya Amerika na Iran amaze imyaka myinshi ashingiye ku bibazo bitandukanye, birimo gahunda ya Iran yo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya nikereyeri (nuclear program), ibikorwa by’imitwe Iran ishyigikira mu karere, ndetse n’ibihano by’ubukungu Amerika yakomeje gufatira Tehran.
Mu myaka ishize habayeho ibihe byinshi byatumye impande zombi zegera ku ntambara yeruye, ariko kenshi hakabaho ubuhuza bw’ibihugu bikomeye cyangwa imiryango mpuzamahanga, bugatuma ibintu bitongera gukomera cyane.
Icyakora, ibiri kuba muri iki gihe byerekana ko icyizere cyo kongera kugirana ibiganiro cyagabanutse cyane, mu gihe ibikorwa bya gisirikare ku mpande zombi bikomeje kwiyongera.
Nubwo intambara yeruye hagati ya Amerika na Iran itaratangazwa, ibikorwa biri gukorwa n’impande zombi bitanga ishusho y’uko umwuka mubi ukomeje kwiyongera.
Abasesenguzi mpuzamahanga bavuga ko niba hatabayeho ibiganiro byihuse cyangwa ubuhuza bw’amahanga, ibitero by’ubwihimure bishobora gukomeza, bikarushaho guhungabanya umutekano w’akarere ndetse n’ubukungu bw’isi yose.
Kugeza ubu, amahanga akomeje gukurikiranira hafi uko ibintu bihagaze, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’umutekano w’Umuhora wa Hormuz, ahafatwa nk’ahantu h’ingenzi cyane ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
Mu gihe impande zombi zikomeje kugaragaza ubushake bwo kwirwanaho no kwihimura, ikibazo gikomeje kwibazwa n’abatari bake ni iki: Ese Amerika na Iran biri ku marembera y’intambara nshya ishobora guhindura amateka y’Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati, cyangwa haracyari amahirwe yo gusubira ku meza y’ibiganiro?
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