Bisimwa Yatanze Umuburo Ukomeye ku Bahuza Mpuzamahanga no kuri Leta ya Congo
Mu gihe uburasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo bukomeje kuba isibaniro ry’intambara, amakimbirane ya politiki ndetse n’ukutizerana gukomeye hagati y’impande zihanganye, umuhuzabikorwa w’ihuriro Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC/M23), Bertrand Bisimwa, yongeye kuzamura impaka zikomeye ku bijyanye n’uburenganzira bwo kwirwanaho, kurinda abasivile ndetse n’ahazaza h’amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano hagati y’impande zishyamiranye.
Mu butumwa bwe bwakwirakwijwe cyane ku mbuga nkoranyambaga mu rwego rwa politiki n’umutekano, Bisimwa yavuze amagambo aremereye agaragaza ko AFC/M23 itagifata nk’ukuri kudashidikanywaho gahunda z’amahoro ziriho ubu, cyane cyane mu gihe ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa bukomeje ibikorwa bya gisirikare kandi bugashinjwa kugirira nabi abaturage.
Yagize ati, mu buryo busobanutse, niba Leta ya Congo yemera cyangwa ikomeje kwiha uburenganzira bwo “kwica abaturage bayo, gukora ubwicanyi no gusenya imihana,” abafasha cyangwa abahuza bashyigikira iyo politiki bagomba no kwemera ko abaturage cyangwa imitwe ibarwanirira bafite uburenganzira bwo kwirwanaho, ndetse ko amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano ashobora gutakaza agaciro kayo.
Aya magambo yagaragaje ihinduka rikomeye muri politiki ya AFC/M23, aho uyu mutwe udashaka kongera kugaragara gusa nk’uri mu rwego rwa gisirikare, ahubwo ushaka kwiyerekana nk’umutwe uvuga ko uhagarariye abaturage batereranwe cyangwa bagabwaho ibitero n’ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa.
Mu busesenguzi bwa politiki buri gukorwa ku magambo ya Bertrand Bisimwa, hagaragaramo ko AFC/M23 iri kugenda yubaka umurongo wa politiki ushingiye ku gitekerezo cyo “kwirwanaho kw’abaturage.” Uyu mutwe uvuga ko ibikorwa bya gisirikare bya FARDC n’imitwe iyifasha bikomeje gushyira abaturage mu kaga, bityo ukabona ko ufite inshingano zo kubarinda.
Iyi ni politiki AFC/M23 imaze igihe ikoresha kugira ngo yerekane ko intambara irimo atari iyo gufata ubutegetsi gusa, ahubwo ko ari “urugamba rwo kurinda abaturage” bavuga Ikinyarwanda ndetse n’abaturage bavuga ko bamaze imyaka bahohoterwa no kwirukanwa mu byabo.
Mu rwego mpuzamahanga, ijambo “kwirwanaho” rifite uburemere bukomeye mu mategeko mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane iyo igihugu cyangwa abaturage bavuga ko batewe. Ariko mu ntambara z’imbere mu gihugu nka Congo, buri ruhande rushaka kwerekana ko ari rwo ruri mu kuri, ari na byo bituma ikibazo cya Congo kirushaho kuba gikomeye ndetse bikagorana kugikemura.
Ku ruhande rwa Kinshasa, Leta ya Congo ivuga ko iri kurengera ubusugire bw’igihugu no kurwanya imitwe yitwaje intwaro. Ariko AFC/M23 yo ivuga ko ibikorwa bya gisirikare bya FARDC, ibisasu bya drones ndetse n’ibitero byo mu kirere biri kwibasira abaturage b’abasivile n’uduce dutuwe.
Ikindi gikomeye cyagarutsweho na Bertrand Bisimwa ni igitekerezo cy’uko amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano ashobora kuba yarataye agaciro niba uruhande rumwe rukomeje ibikorwa bya gisirikare.
Mu rurimi rwa dipolomasi n’amategeko, iyo bavuga ko amasezerano “yataye agaciro,” baba bashatse kuvuga ko impamvu yatumye abaho itakiriho cyangwa ko hari uruhande rwayarenzeho ku buryo urundi rudashobora gukomeza kuyubahiriza.
Ibi bivuze ko AFC/M23 ishobora kuba iri gutanga ubutumwa ko, niba ibikorwa bya FARDC bikomeje, na yo ishobora kwisanga itakiboshywe n’inzira z’amahoro cyangwa amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano yashyizweho n’abahuza bo mu karere.
Abasesenguzi babona ko aya magambo ari ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’uko icyizere hagati y’impande zihanganye gikomeje gusenyuka. Mu bihe bishize, habaye ibiganiro byinshi byahuje impande zitandukanye birimo ibyabereye i Luanda no muri Nairobi, ariko imirwano yakomeje kugaruka, buri ruhande rushinja urundi kutubahiriza ibyo rwemeye.
Kuri ubu, AFC/M23 iri kugerageza kwagura uburyo bw’imiyoborere n’imvugo yayo ya politiki mu duce igenzura. Uretse ibikorwa bya gisirikare, uyu mutwe uri no gushyira imbere ubutumwa bwo gushaka ko ikibazo cya Congo gikemurwa binyuze mu biganiro bya politiki, ariko ugasaba ko ikibazo cy’umutekano n’uburenganzira bw’abaturage kibanza gufatwa nk’ikintu cy’ingenzi.
AFC/M23 kandi ni umutwe ufite ijambo rikomeye mu miyoborere y’ejo hazaza h’uburasirazuba bwa Congo. Ni yo mpamvu abayobozi bayo bakomeje gukoresha amagambo agaragaza ko ikibazo cya Congo atari intambara isanzwe gusa, ahubwo ari “intambara y’uburenganzira, amateka n’ubusugire bw’abaturage.”
Ku rundi ruhande, Kinshasa ikomeje gushinja M23 gufashwa n’amahanga no guhungabanya umutekano w’igihugu, ibintu AFC/M23 ihakana, ikavuga ko ikibazo nyamukuru ari imiyoborere mibi n’ivangura rikomeje kuvugwa mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Nubwo ibiganiro bya dipolomasi bikomeje, amagambo ya Bertrand Bisimwa yerekana ko amahoro akomeje kuba kure niba impande zombi zigikomeje kutizerana.
Iyo uruhande rumwe rutangiye kuvuga ko amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano atakigira agaciro, aba ari umuburo ukomeye ku bahuza mpuzamahanga no ku bihugu byo mu karere. Ibi bishobora gutuma imirwano yongera gukaza umurego, cyane cyane mu gihe buri ruhande rukomeje kwemeza ko ruri kurwanira ukuri n’uburenganzira bw’abaturage.
Ikibazo cya Congo gikomeje kuba kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye muri Afurika yo Hagati n’akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, aho intambara itakiri gusa ikibazo cya gisirikare, ahubwo yahindutse urugamba rwa politiki, amateka, inyungu z’akarere ndetse n’intambara y’amakuru n’imyumvire hagati y’impande zose zihanganye.
