Raporo ya ONU Igaragaza Uko Wazalendo, FDLR na ADF Bakomeje Guhindura Isura y’Intambara mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC
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Mu isesengura ryayo ryagutse ku mutekano wo mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), Itsinda ry’Impuguke z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU) ryagaragaje ko ikibazo cy’umutekano kidashingiye gusa ku mirwano ihanganishije ihuriro Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC/M23) n’Ingabo za Leta ya Congo (FARDC). Ahubwo, raporo ivuga ko hari n’indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro yakomeje kugira uruhare rukomeye mu gukomeza intambara, guteza umutekano muke no kongera ububabare bw’abaturage.
Raporo igaragaza ko umutwe wa FDLR wakomeje kuba umwe mu mitwe ikomeye ikorera mu burasirazuba bwa RDC. Impuguke za ONU zigaragaza ko FDLR yakomeje gukorera cyane mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, aho yakomeje guhangana na AFC/M23, ndetse ikanagumana ibikorwa byayo mu bice bitandukanye byo mu mashyamba ya Congo.
Raporo ivuga kandi ko FDLR yakomeje kuvugwa cyane mu biganiro bya dipolomasi, by’umwihariko mu masezerano ya Washington no mu biganiro byabereye i Doha. Impuguke za ONU zivuga ko ikibazo cyo guca intege cyangwa kurandura uyu mutwe cyari kimwe mu byashyizwe imbere mu biganiro byahuje RDC n’u Rwanda, ariko ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryabyo rikaba ritarageze ku ntego zari zitezwe.
Ku ruhande rwa Wazalendo, raporo ivuga ko iri zina rikubiyemo imitwe myinshi yitwaje intwaro yishyize hamwe mu rwego rwo gufasha Ingabo za Leta ya Congo guhangana na AFC/M23 mu bice bitandukanye bya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Epfo. Impuguke za ONU zivuga ko iyo mitwe yagize uruhare rukomeye ku rugamba, ariko ikanashinjwa ibikorwa binyuranyije n’amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abasivili mu bice bimwe na bimwe.
Raporo ivuga ko imirwano hagati ya AFC/M23, FDLR, Wazalendo na FARDC yakomeje gutuma abaturage benshi bisanga hagati y’impande zose zihanganye. Mu bice byinshi, abaturage bahatiwe kuva mu byabo inshuro nyinshi, bamwe babura aho bikinga, abandi bamara imyaka myinshi mu nkambi z’abimuwe.
Ku mutwe wa ADF, raporo ya ONU ivuga ko nubwo ibikorwa bya gisirikare byawugabanyije imbaraga ugereranyije n’imyaka yashize, wakomeje kuba ikibazo gikomeye cyane mu Ntara ya Ituri no mu gice cya Lubero. Impuguke zigaragaza ko ADF yakomeje kugaba ibitero ku basivili, gukora ubwicanyi, gushimuta abaturage no gushyiraho uburyo bushya bwo kubona amafaranga yo gukomeza ibikorwa byayo.
Raporo ivuga kandi ko ADF yakomeje gukoresha uburyo bwo kwishyuza abaturage amafaranga mu duce igenzura, ishyiraho ibimenyetso byihariye byemerera abantu kunyura mu mihanda no gukora ubucuruzi. Abanze kwishyura ayo mafaranga cyangwa banze gukorana n’uyu mutwe ngo bakunze guhura n’ibihano bikomeye, birimo kwicwa cyangwa gushimutwa.
Impuguke za ONU zigaragaza ko abaturage benshi bashimuswe na ADF hagati y’ukwezi kwa mbere n’ukwa kabiri kwa 2026. Bamwe muri bo barekuwe nyuma yo gutanga amafaranga y’ingurane, mu gihe abandi bishwe nyuma yo kubura ubushobozi bwo kuyatanga. Raporo ivuga ko ayo mafaranga y’ingurane yakundaga kuba hagati y’amadolari ya Amerika 2,000 na 5,000 kuri buri muntu.
Raporo ishimangira ko kuba hari imitwe myinshi yitwaje intwaro ikorera icyarimwe mu burasirazuba bwa RDC bituma ikibazo cy’umutekano kirushaho gukomera. Uretse imirwano hagati y’iyo mitwe, hari no guhatanira kugenzura amabuye y’agaciro, imihanda y’ubucuruzi n’ibindi bikorwa by’ubukungu, ibintu bikomeza gukongeza amakimbirane.
Mu gusoza iri sesengura, Impuguke za ONU zigaragaza ko amahoro arambye atazagerwaho binyuze mu bikorwa bya gisirikare byonyine. Zisaba ko hakomeza ibiganiro bya politiki, hakarindwa abaturage, kandi imitwe yose yitwaje intwaro ikubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga intambara n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.