Amasezerano y’Ubufatanye Hagati ya Amerika na RDC Aracyibazwaho: Amatangazo Ni Menshi, Ariko Ishoramari Rifatika Riracyabura
MINEMBWE CAPITAL NEWS (MCN)
Hashize amezi arenga arindwi u Rwanda, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bisinye Amasezerano y’Ubufatanye bw’Ingamba (Strategic Partnership Agreement – SPA) tariki ya 04/12/2025. Aya masezerano yatangajwe nk’intambwe ikomeye yari igamije gushimangira umubano mu by’ubukungu, guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo, kurinda urwego rw’amabuye y’agaciro y’ingenzi no gukurura ishoramari rikomeye ry’abashoramari b’Abanyamerika.
Kuva icyo gihe, ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa n’ubwa Washington bwakomeje gutangaza ko aya masezerano azafasha RDC kwinjira mu gihe gishya cy’iterambere, aho ibikorwa remezo bizavugururwa, ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka bugakomera, hagashyirwaho imirimo mishya ndetse n’ubukungu bugatera imbere.
Mu minsi ishize kandi, Inama y’Abaminisitiri ya RDC yemeje umushinga ujyanye n’ikorwa rya Lobito Corridor, inzira y’ingenzi izahuza ibice bikungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro byo muri RDC n’icyambu cya Lobito muri Angola. Uyu mushinga ukomeje kugaragazwa nk’imwe mu nkingi z’ingenzi z’ubufatanye hagati ya Amerika na RDC.
Ariko nubwo ubutumwa bwa dipolomasi bukomeje gushimangira icyizere cy’ubu bufatanye, hari ikibazo gikomeje kwibazwa n’abasesenguzi b’ubukungu ndetse n’abakurikirana politiki mpuzamahanga: Ni he hari ishoramari rifatika ry’Abanyamerika ryamaze kugera muri RDC?
Mu rwego rw’ubukungu, amasezerano yonyine ntahagije kugira ngo agaragaze impinduka. Icy’ingenzi ni uko ibigo byigenga bifata icyemezo cyo gushora imari nyuma yo gukora isesengura ryimbitse ku mutekano, amategeko, imisoro, ibidukikije, imiyoborere ndetse n’inyungu biteganya kuzabona.
Nyamara, kuva aya masezerano yasinywa, nta makuru aratangazwa agaragaza ko ibigo bikomeye byo muri Amerika byatangiye ibikorwa binini byo gusuzuma imishinga cyangwa gutegura ishoramari rinini muri RDC. Nta raporo zizwi z’ubugenzuzi bwimbitse (due diligence), nta ngengabihe y’ikorwa ry’imishinga, nta masezerano mashya y’ishoramari yagaragaye ku rwego rwagutse, ndetse nta bikorwa bifatika by’ubwubatsi cyangwa by’inganda byatangajwe nk’ibyatangiye kubera aya masezerano.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ibi bikwiye kwitabwaho, kuko ubusanzwe ibigo byinshi byo muri Amerika bizwiho kutinjira mu gihugu icyo ari cyo cyose bitabanje gukora isesengura ryimbitse ku ngaruka zose zishobora kubaho. Bigenzura uko amategeko ahagaze, umutekano, imisoro, uburyo igihugu kiyobowe ndetse n’icyizere cy’ubukungu mbere yo gushora miliyari z’amadolari.
Iyo gahunda y’igenzura ni yo ituma ibigo by’Abanyamerika bifatwa nk’ibyitonda kandi bifata ibyemezo bishingiye ku bimenyetso bifatika aho gushingira ku matangazo ya politiki.
Iyo ubufatanye bwa Amerika na RDC buba bwaratangiye gutanga umusaruro mu buryo bufatika, byari byitezwe ko haboneka ibimenyetso birimo kohereza inzobere gukora ubushakashatsi ku mishinga, gukorwa kw’inyigo z’ubushobozi (feasibility studies), ibiganiro bihanitse ku masezerano y’ishoramari, ndetse no gutangaza gahunda zisobanutse z’itangira ry’ibikorwa. Gusa kugeza ubu, ibyo bimenyetso biracyari bike cyane cyangwa ntibiragaragara ku rwego rwari rutegerejwe.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, umushinga wa Lobito Corridor ukomeje gufatwa nk’umwe mu mishinga ifite agaciro gakomeye ku rwego rw’akarere. Biteganyijwe ko uzorohereza ubwikorezi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ava muri RDC akanyuzwa ku cyambu cya Lobito muri Angola, bityo ugafasha kugabanya ibibazo by’ubwikorezi no gufungura amasoko mashya.
Ariko abahanga mu bukungu bibutsa ko ibikorwa remezo ubwabyo bidahita bivamo ishoramari ry’abikorera. Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, bisaba icyizere cy’abashoramari, amategeko adahindagurika, umutekano urambye, imiyoborere inoze ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kubona inyungu mu gihe kirekire.
Ni muri urwo rwego bamwe mu basesenguzi bagaragaza ko hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’ubwinshi bw’amatangazo ya dipolomasi n’ibikorwa nyabyo biboneka ku butaka. Ubufatanye bukomeje kuvugwa mu nama mpuzamahanga, mu bitangazamakuru no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, ariko ku rwego rw’ishoramari rifatika, inganda nshya cyangwa amafaranga amaze gushorwa, ibimenyetso biracyari bike.
Ibi ntibisobanuye ko amasezerano hagati ya Washington na Kinshasa yananiwe cyangwa ko atazatanga umusaruro. Ahubwo bigaragaza ko hari itandukaniro hagati y’igihe dipolomasi ikoreramo n’igihe ubukungu bukenera kugira ngo ishoramari ritangire.
Mu by’ukuri, amasezerano mpuzamahanga ashyiraho urwego rw’imikoranire, ariko ntahita azana ishoramari ako kanya. Ishoramari rishingira ku cyizere cy’abashoramari, umutekano w’ibikorwa, amategeko ahamye, imiyoborere myiza ndetse n’inyungu ziteganyijwe. Nta tangazo rya politiki ryasimbura ibyo bisabwa by’ibanze.
Ni yo mpamvu abasesenguzi, impuguke mu bukungu ndetse n’abaturage bafite uburenganzira bwo gukomeza kwibaza aho ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’aya masezerano rigeze. Icyizere cy’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga gipimwa n’ibikorwa bifatika kurusha amagambo cyangwa amatangazo.
Mu gusoza, impuguke zigaragaza ko dipolomasi y’ubukungu idashobora kubaho igihe kirekire ishingiye ku masezerano gusa. Mu rwego rw’ishoramari mpuzamahanga, ibikorwa bifatika, amafaranga yashowe n’imishinga yubatswe ni byo bitanga gihamya ikomeye kurusha amagambo. Mu gihe amezi akomeje kwicuma, amaso azakomeza kureba niba ubufatanye bwa Amerika na RDC buzavamo ishoramari rifatika cyangwa niba buzakomeza kugaragarira cyane mu rwego rw’amatangazo ya dipolomasi kurusha ibikorwa bifatika.
