Amerika yanyomoje amakuru ya RDC ku bijyanye na “Mining Guards”, mu gihe umutungo kamere ugikomeje kuba intandaro y’amakimbirane n’ubukene bw’abaturage
Ambasade ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika i Kinshasa, muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), yamaganye amakuru yavugaga ko Amerika yagize uruhare mu gutera inkunga igitekerezo cyo gushinga umutwe udasanzwe w’ingabo zo kurinda ibirombe by’amabuye y’agaciro by’iki gihugu.
Tariki ya 27/04/2026 ni bwo hatangajwe umugambi wo gushinga ikigo cyiswe “Mining Guards”, kigamije kurinda umutekano w’ibirombe bikungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro arimo coltan, cobalt, zahabu n’andi akomeye ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Aya makuru yatangajwe na Rafael Kabengele, Umuyobozi w’Ubugenzuzi Bukuru bw’Amabuye y’Agaciro (IGM), wavuze ko ari igitekerezo cyaturutse kuri Perezida Félix Tshisekedi.
Nk’uko byatangajwe, uyu mutwe wateganyijwe kuzaba ugizwe n’abagera ku 20,000, ugatwara ingengo y’imari igera kuri miliyoni 100 z’amadolari y’Amerika. Byavuzwe kandi ko uyu mushinga ufitanye isano n’ubufatanye bwiswe “ingenzi” hagati ya RDC, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’iya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu.
Icyakora, nyuma y’umunsi umwe gusa ayo makuru ashyizwe ahagaragara, Ambasade ya Amerika i Kinshasa yasohoye itangazo ihakana yivuye inyuma ko nta ruhare ifite muri uwo mushinga. Yashimangiye ko muri iki gihe Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika idatera inkunga umutwe uwo ari wo wose wihariye ushinzwe kurinda cyangwa kugenzura ibirombe muri RDC.
Ambasade yakomeje igaragaza ko ubufatanye hagati ya Amerika na RDC bushingiye ku guteza imbere ubukungu, gushimangira ituze n’iterambere rirambye. Yavuze ko ayo masezerano agamije gushyiraho ishingiro ry’ishoramari rinini, cyane cyane mu rwego rw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, hibandwa ku mucyo no ku nyungu rusange.
Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ni kimwe mu bihugu bikize cyane ku mutungo kamere ku Isi, by’umwihariko mu mabuye y’agaciro akoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka cobalt na coltan. Nubwo bimeze bityo, uburyo uwo mutungo ubyazwa umusaruro bukomeje kunengwa n’impuguke mpuzamahanga n’imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Mu by’ukuri, ubucukuzi bukorwa mu buryo bubiri bw’ingenzi: ubwa kinyamwuga (industrial mining) bukorwa n’ibigo bikomeye mpuzamahanga bifite amasezerano na Leta ya Kinshasa, n’ubwa gakondo (artisanale) bukorwa n’abaturage ku giti cyabo, akenshi mu buryo butemewe cyangwa budafite umutekano.
Ibigo mpuzamahanga, birimo iby’Abanyamerika, Abashinwa n’Abanyaburayi, bifite uruhare runini mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, cyane cyane mu Ntara ya Katanga (Haut-Katanga na Lualaba). Aha ni ho hacukurwa cobalt nyinshi ikoreshwa mu gukora za batiri z’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga.
Nubwo ayo mabuye yinjiza miliyari z’amadolari ku isoko mpuzamahanga, inyungu nyinshi zigarukira ku bigo mpuzamahanga no ku nzego z’ubutegetsi, mu gihe abaturage batuye hafi y’ibirombe bakomeje kubaho mu bukene bukabije. Ibikorwaremezo biracyari bike, serivisi z’ibanze ziracyari hasi, kandi akazi kenshi gakorwa mu buryo bushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
Mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, cyane cyane mu Ntara za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru n’iy’Amajyepfo, umutekano muke ukomeje gufata intera, aho impande zihanganye ziharanira kugenzura ibice bikungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro.
Abahanganye bakoresha ayo mabuye nk’isoko y’amafaranga yo kugura intwaro no gukomeza intambara, ibintu bituma abaturage bahora bahunga umunsi ku wundi. Amagana y’ibihumbi by’abaturage bamaze kwimurwa mu byabo, bamwe bakaba baba mu nkambi z’impunzi mu buzima bubi.
Ibi byose bituma habaho icyuho kinini hagati y’ubukire bw’igihugu n’imibereho y’abaturage. Mu gihe amahanga akomeje gushora imari mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, abaturage bo bakomeje kubura amahoro, uburenganzira n’inyungu zituruka kuri uwo mutungo kamere.
Nubwo hari ibiganiro n’amasezerano bigamije kunoza imikorere mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, haracyari impungenge ku mucyo, ku ikoreshwa ry’inyungu no ku ruhare rw’abaturage.
Impuguke zigaragaza ko, kugira ngo umutungo kamere wa RDC ugire umumaro ku baturage, bisaba:
Gushyiraho amategeko akomeye arengera inyungu z’igihugu n’abaturage
Kongera igenzura ku masezerano mpuzamahanga
Kurwanya ruswa n’ikoreshwa nabi ry’umutungo
Gushora imari mu mibereho myiza y’abaturage, nko mu burezi, ubuzima n’ibikorwaremezo
Mu gihe ibyo bitarakorwa ku buryo bufatika, RDC izakomeza kuba igihugu gikize ku mutungo ariko gikennye ku baturage, mu gihe amahanga akomeza kuwubyaza inyungu.
