I La Haye Hapfiriye Kabuga: Umwe mu Bantu Bashakishijwe Kurusha Abandi ku Isi
Félicien Kabuga, umwe mu banyemari b’Abanyarwanda bari bakomeye cyane mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ndetse akaba yari umwe mu bantu bashinjwaga uruhare rukomeye muri iyo Jenoside, yitabye Imana kuri uyu wa Gatandatu aguye i La Haye mu Buholandi, aho yari afungiye mu rwego rw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rushinzwe kurangiza imanza zasizwe n’inkiko mpuzamahanga zaburanishaga Jenoside n’ibyaha by’intambara.
Kwamamaza urupfu rwe byakozwe n’Urwego Mpuzamahanga rwa IRMCT (International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals), rwatangaje ko Kabuga yapfiriye mu bitaro byo i La Haye aho yari ari kwitabwaho n’abaganga nyuma y’igihe kinini ubuzima bwe bwarazahaye cyane.
Nk’uko byatangajwe n’uru rwego, urupfu rwe rwahise rumenyeshwa abaganga bashinzwe gereza y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ndetse n’inzego z’u Buholandi, zihita zitangiza iperereza risanzwe rikorwa igihe umuntu apfiriye mu maboko y’ubutabera mpuzamahanga.
Perezida wa IRMCT, Umucamanza Graciela Gatti Santana, yahise ategeka ko hakorwa iperereza ryimbitse ku buryo Kabuga yapfuye, maze uwo murimo ushingwa Umucamanza Alphons Orie.
Félicien Kabuga yavukiye mu cyahoze ari Perefegitura ya Byumba, aza kuba umwe mu banyemari bakomeye cyane mu Rwanda mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Yari azwi cyane mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi, by’umwihariko mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi bw’ibiribwa, icyayi n’ibindi bitandukanye.
Kabuga kandi yari umwe mu bantu bari bafite ijambo rikomeye muri politiki y’icyo gihe kubera ubucuti n’isano yari afitanye n’abari ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Juvénal Habyarimana. Bamwe mu bana be bashatse mu miryango y’abategetsi bakomeye bo muri Leta ya Habyarimana, ibintu byatumye aba umuntu ukomeye cyane muri politiki n’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda rw’icyo gihe.
Yaje no kuvugwaho cyane kubera uruhare ubushinjacyaha bwamushinjaga mu gutera inkunga ibikorwa byagejeje kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, cyane cyane binyuze mu gutera inkunga Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM), radiyo yashinjwaga gukwirakwiza urwango no gushishikariza ubwicanyi.
Kabuga yashinjwaga ibyaha bikomeye birimo:
Jenoside,
Ubugambanyi bwo gukora Jenoside,
Gushishikariza Jenoside,
Gutoteza abaturage,
Ubwicanyi n’itsembatsemba byibasiye Abatutsi mu 1994.
Ubushinjacyaha bwavugaga ko yakoresheje umutungo yari afite mu gutera inkunga imitwe n’ibikorwa byagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga miliyoni imwe.
Kimwe mu bintu byakunze kuvugwaho cyane ni uruhare yashinjwaga mu gutanga inkunga yo kugura imihoro yakoreshejwe mu bwicanyi, nubwo ibyo byose atigeze abyemera kuko yahoraga ahakana ibyaha byose yashinjwaga.
Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Félicien Kabuga yabaye umwe mu bantu bashakishwaga cyane ku Isi yose. Inkiko mpuzamahanga zamushyiriyeho impapuro zo kumuta muri yombi, ndetse Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zigeze gushyiraho miliyoni 5 z’amadolari ku muntu watanga amakuru yatuma afatwa.
Mu gihe cy’imyaka isaga 25, Kabuga yabashije kwihisha ubutabera mpuzamahanga akoresheje amazina y’amahimbano, inyandiko mpimbano ndetse n’imiyoboro y’abantu bamufashaga kuva mu gihugu kimwe ajya mu kindi.
Byavugwaga ko yabaye mu bihugu byinshi birimo:
Kenya,
Suisse,
Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo,
u Budage,
ndetse n’u Bufaransa.
Abashinjacyaha mpuzamahanga bavugaga ko yari afite umuyoboro ukomeye w’abamufashaga kwihisha, harimo abo mu muryango we ndetse n’inshuti ze zari zifite ubushobozi n’imitungo myinshi.
Tariki ya 16 Gicurasi 2020, Kabuga yatawe muri yombi n’inzego z’umutekano z’u Bufaransa mu gace ka Asnières-sur-Seine hafi y’umujyi wa Paris.
Icyo gihe yari amaze imyaka myinshi aba mu Bufaransa yihishe akoresheje ibyangombwa by’ibihimbano ndetse n’amazina atari aye.
Ifatwa rye ryafashwe nk’intsinzi ikomeye y’ubutabera mpuzamahanga kuko yari amaze imyaka myinshi ari ku rutonde rw’abashakishwa cyane ku Isi.
Mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2020, yimuriwe i La Haye mu Buholandi kugira ngo aburanishwe n’urwego rwa IRMCT rwari rwasimbuye ICTR, Inkiko Mpuzamahanga zari zarashyiriweho u Rwanda.
Urubanza rwa Kabuga rwatangiye ku mugaragaro muri Nzeri 2022. Icyakora, nyuma y’amezi make, abaganga n’abacamanza batangaje ko ubuzima bwe bwari bumeze nabi cyane ku buryo atari agishoboye kuburana.
Mu 2023, urukiko rwafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika urubanza burundu kubera ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwe n’izabukuru.
Hari hatangiye ibiganiro byo gushaka igihugu cyamwakira kugira ngo afungurwe by’agateganyo kubera uburwayi bwe. U Rwanda rwari rwagaragaje ko rwiteguye kumwakira no kumuha ubuvuzi bukenewe, ariko umuryango we n’abamwunganiraga mu mategeko barabirwanya bavuga ko ubuzima bwe butari kumwemerera urugendo rurerure.
Kabuga we ubwe yavugwaga ko yifuzaga kuguma ku Mugabane w’u Burayi, cyane cyane mu Bufaransa, ariko nta gihugu na kimwe cyigeze cyemera kumwakira.
Félicien Kabuga apfuye afite imyaka 90 y’amavuko, apfiriye i La Haye mu Buholandi adakatiwe n’urukiko ku byaha yashinjwaga, kuko urubanza rwe rwari rwarahagaritswe kubera ubuzima bwe bwari bumaze kuzahara cyane.
Urupfu rwe rusize amateka akomeye mu butabera mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane ku ruhande rw’abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, kuko yamaze imyaka myinshi ashakishwa nk’umwe mu bantu bafatwaga nk’abagize uruhare rukomeye muri Jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda mu 1994.
