ONU Igiriye Afurika Igikorwa Gikomeye: Harasabwa Guhindura Uko Isi Yerekanwa ku Ikarita

Mu gihe ikarita ya Mercator imaze ibinyejana ikoreshwa mu kwerekana isura y’isi, hatangijwe ubukangurambaga bushya busaba ko uburyo umugabane wa Afurika n’ibindi bihugu bigaragara ku ikarita busubirwamo, kuko ngo butuma ubunini bw’uturere tumwe na tumwe bugaragara mu buryo budahuje n’ubunini bwabwo nyakuri.

Iyo witegereje ikarita y’isi ya Mercator, ikoreshwa cyane mu bitabo, ku ikoranabuhanga no mu zindi nyandiko, Afurika na Groenland bishobora kugaragara nk’aho bifite ubunini bugereranye. Nyamara, mu by’ukuri, Afurika iruta Groenland hafi incuro 14.

Ikindi gitangaje ni uko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubushinwa, Ubuhinde, Ubuyapani, Mexique ndetse n’igice kinini cy’u Burayi bishobora gukwirwa muri Afurika, hagasigara n’ubutaka.

ONU igiye gutora ku mugambi wa “Correct the Map”

Inama Nkuru y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU) iteganya gutora kuri uyu wa Gatanu ku ngingo yiswe “Correct the Map”, bisobanuye “Kosora Ikarita”.

Uyu mugambi usaba ko ikarita ya Mercator ikoreshwa buhoro buhoro igasimbuzwa izindi karita zishobora kugaragaza neza ubunini nyakuri bw’imigabane n’ibihugu, zirimo Equal Earth, yakozwe mu mwaka wa 2018.

Iyi ngingo yashyizwe imbere na Togo, ikaba inashyigikiwe n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Afurika (AU).

Abashyigikiye uyu mugambi bavuga ko uburyo Afurika igaragara nk’umugabane muto kuri Mercator bushobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo isi iwubona, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’ubutunzi bwawo, ubwinshi bw’abaturage, ibikorwa remezo ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kwihutisha iterambere.

Kuki Mercator ituma Afurika isa n’aho ari nto?

Ikarita ya Mercator yakozwe mu mwaka wa 1569, cyane cyane hagamijwe gufasha abasare kumenya no gukurikira inzira zo mu nyanja.

Ikibazo cy’iyi karita ni uko uko wegereza inkingi z’isi, uturere n’ibihugu bigenda bigaragara nk’aho ari binini kurusha uko bingana mu by’ukuri.

Ni yo mpamvu Groenland, iri hafi y’inkingi y’amajyaruguru, ishobora kugaragara nk’aho ingana na Afurika, nyamara mu by’ukuri itandukanye cyane n’uwo mugabane mu bunini.

Afurika, iri hafi y’umurongo ugabanya isi mo ibice bibiri, igaragara nk’aho ari nto ugereranyije n’ubunini bwayo nyakuri.

Equal Earth ishobora guhindura uko isi ibona Afurika

Abashyigikiye ubukangurambaga bwa “Correct the Map” basaba ko amashuri, imiryango mpuzamahanga ndetse n’ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga byakoresha amakarita nka Equal Earth, agaragaza neza isano y’ubunini bw’imigabane n’ibihugu.

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga wa Togo, Robert Dussey, avuga ko iki kibazo kidakwiye gufatwa nk’ikibazo cya politiki, ahubwo ko ari ikibazo cyo kugaragaza ukuri gushingiye ku bumenyi n’ubuhanga bwa siyansi.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, Mercator ntitakaza agaciro kayo. Iracyafite akamaro gakomeye mu bijyanye no kwerekana inzira z’ingendo zo mu nyanja, ariko ntibereye cyane mu kugereranya ubunini nyabwo bw’ibihugu n’imigabane.

Ese ikarita y’isi yaba igiye guhinduka?

Niba iyi ngingo yemejwe, ntabwo yahita iba itegeko rihindura amakarita yose akoreshwa ku isi.

Ariko ishobora gutanga umurongo mushya ushishikariza amashuri, imiryango mpuzamahanga ndetse n’ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga kongera gusuzuma amakarita bikoresha mu kwerekana isi.

Iki gikorwa kandi cyafungura ikiganiro mpuzamahanga ku buryo amakarita atari ibikoresho byo kwerekana aho ibihugu biherereye gusa, ahubwo ashobora no kugira uruhare mu buryo abantu basobanukirwa ubunini, imbaraga n’agaciro k’uturere dutandukanye tw’isi.