RDC na AFC/M23 Bageze ku Masezerano Akomeye y’Amahoro—Icyizere Gishya mu Burasirazuba
Mu rwego rwo gushaka umuti urambye w’amakimbirane amaze imyaka myinshi mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), ibiganiro byahuje Leta ya Kinshasa n’ihuriro rya AFC/M23 byabereye i Montreux mu Busuwisi, hagati ya tariki ya 13 na 17/04/2026, byageze ku ntambwe ifatika, aho impande zombi zumvikanye ku masezerano atatu y’ingenzi agamije kwimakaza amahoro arambye.
Ibi biganiro byashyigikiwe n’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga barimo Qatar, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, u Busuwisi, Komisiyo y’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, ndetse na Togo nk’umuhuza w’uyu muryango. Byitabiriwe kandi n’Inama Mpuzamahanga ku Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari (ICGLR).
Kimwe mu byemeranyijweho by’ingenzi ni ugushyiraho uburyo bunoze bwo kugeza ubufasha bwihutirwa ku baturage bugarijwe n’intambara, cyane cyane mu ntara zo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Impande zombi ziyemeje kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga ibikorwa by’ubutabazi n’uburenganzira bwa muntu, harimo no kurinda ibikorwa remezo by’ingenzi nk’ibigega by’ibiribwa, imirima, amazi, amashanyarazi, itumanaho, ibigo nderabuzima n’amashuri.
By’umwihariko, hashyizweho ingingo zibuza ibitero ku bikorwa remezo by’abaturage, hanashimangirwa uburinzi bw’abakozi b’imiryango itanga ubutabazi, hagamijwe gutuma ubufasha bugera ku babukeneye nta vangura iryo ari ryo ryose rishingiye kuri politiki, ubwoko cyangwa imyemerere.
Mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano ya Doha ajyanye no guhagarika imirwano burundu, hashyizweho uburyo bushya bwo kugenzura no kwemeza iyubahirizwa ry’aya masezerano.
Impande zombi, zifatanyije na ICGLR, zashyize umukono ku masezerano atuma hatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa uburyo bwagutse bwo kugenzura ihagarikwa ry’imirwano buzwi nka Expanded Joint Verification Mechanism Plus (EJVM+).
Ubu buryo buzafasha mu gukurikirana, kugenzura no gutanga raporo ku iyubahirizwa ry’ihagarikwa ry’imirwano. Biteganyijwe ko ibikorwa bya mbere byo kugenzura bizatangira mu gihe kitarenze icyumweru, bifashijwemo n’ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ziri muri RDC (MONUSCO).
Mu rwego rwo kongera icyizere hagati y’impande zombi, hemejwe irekurwa ry’imfungwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 10.
Leta ya RDC yemeye kurekura imfungwa 311 zifitanye isano na AFC/M23, mu gihe iri huriro na ryo rizarekura abantu 166 rifunze ku ruhande rwa Leta.
Ibi bikorwa bizagenzurwa kandi bishyigikirwe na Komite Mpuzamahanga y’Umuryango utabara imbabare (ICRC), yamaze gutanga urutonde rw’abagomba kurekurwa hashingiwe ku masezerano yari yarashyizweho muri Nzeri 2025.
Nubwo iyi ntambwe ishimishije, haracyari impungenge ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’aya masezerano. Mu bihe byashize, impande zombi zakunze gushinjanya kutubahiriza ihagarikwa ry’imirwano, aho AFC/M23 yagiye ishinja ingabo za Leta ya Kinshasa gukoresha indege zitagira abapilote (drone) mu kugaba ibitero ku baturage.
Ibi bituma hibazwa niba koko aya masezerano mashya azashobora guca burundu uruziga rw’ubushyamirane no kutizerana, bityo agasubiza ituze mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Impande zombi zongeye kwiyemeza gukomeza inzira y’ibiganiro no gushyira imbaraga mu gushyira mu bikorwa ibikubiye mu masezerano ya Doha, ndetse no gutanga ibitekerezo bishya bizihutisha ibiganiro biri imbere.
Mu gihe amahanga akomeje gukurikiranira hafi ibi biganiro, abaturage b’akarere bakomeje gutegereza ko aya masezerano azahindura amateka y’intambara, agatanga icyizere gishya cy’amahoro arambye n’iterambere.
