Ubucakara bwakorewe Abanyafurika bwemejwe nk’icyaha ndengakamere
Inteko Rusange y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU) yafashe icyemezo gikomeye mu mateka, yemera ko ubucakara bwakorewe Abanyafurika mu gihe cy’ubucuruzi bw’abacakara bwambukiranyaga inyanja ya Atlantika ari “icyaha gikomeye cyane cyibasiye inyokomuntu.” Iyi ntambwe ifatwa nk’iy’ingenzi mu guha agaciro amateka, gukira ibikomere byasizwe n’icyo gihe, no gutangira inzira iganisha ku butabera burambye ku babikomokaho.
Uyu mwanzuro watanzwe ku busabe bwa Ghana, igihugu kimaze igihe kirekire gishyigikira ubusabe bwo gusaba imbabazi no gutanga indishyi ku byaha byakorewe Abanyafurika mu mateka. Inteko Rusange yasabye ko ubucakara bwemezwa mu buryo bweruye nk’icyaha ndengakamere, inashishikariza ibihugu binyamuryango gutekereza ku gusaba imbabazi ku mugaragaro no gutanga imisanzu mu kigega cyagenewe indishyi, nubwo hatagaragajwe ingano y’amafaranga runaka.
Icyemezo cyatowe n’ibihugu 123 byagishyigikiye, mu gihe bitatu—Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Israel na Argentine—byacyamaganye. Ibihugu 52 byifashe, birimo u Bwongereza n’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, bikomeje kugaragaza kwitwararika kuri iki kibazo.
N’ubwo imyanzuro y’Inteko Rusange ya ONU idafite imbaraga z’amategeko nk’iy’Akanama k’Umutekano, ifite uburemere bukomeye mu rwego rwa politiki mpuzamahanga n’imyumvire y’abaturage b’isi, aho ishobora gutuma ibihugu bisubiramo imyitwarire yabyo ku mateka n’inshingano bifite.
Mu mateka, hagati y’umwaka wa 1500 na 1800, Abanyafurika bari hagati ya miliyoni 12 na 15 bafashwe ku gahato, bajyanwa ku mugabane wa Amerika mu buryo bw’ubucakara, mu rugendo ruzwi nka “Transatlantic Slave Trade.” Muri uru rugendo rwambukaga inyanja ya Atlantika mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro n’iyicarubozo, byibura abantu barenga miliyoni ebyiri bahasize ubuzima, bapfira mu bwato cyangwa mu nzira.
Ibihugu byinshi by’u Burayi, birimo u Bwongereza, byakomeje kwamagana ubusabe bwo gutanga indishyi, bivuga ko inzego z’ubu zidashobora kuryozwa ibyaha byakozwe n’ababayeho kera. Nyamara, abashyigikiye indishyi bagaragaza ko ingaruka z’ubucakara zikigaragara kugeza n’uyu munsi, mu bukene, ivangura n’iterambere ridahwanye mu bihugu byinshi bikomokaho.
Iyi ntambwe ya ONU ishobora gufatwa nk’intangiriro y’urugendo rurerure rugamije kugarura icyubahiro cy’Abanyafurika n’abakomoka kuri bo, gusana ibyangijwe n’amateka, no gushyiraho uburyo bw’ubutabera bushya bushingiye ku kuri, imbabazi n’ubwiyunge.
