Abaguye mu Mvururu z’Amoko muri Chad Bakomeje Kwiyongera
Mu burasirazuba bwa Chad, cyane cyane mu ntara ya Wadi Fira, hongeye kuvuka imvururu zikomeye zishingiye ku moko, zahitanye ubuzima bw’abantu benshi ndetse zigasiga abandi bakomerekejwe. Izi mvururu ziheruka zadutse mu gace ka Guereda, nyuma y’amakimbirane ashingiye ku ikoreshwa ry’isoko ry’amazi, ibintu byahise bihinduka imirwano ikomeye hagati y’abaturage.
Nk’uko byatangajwe n’intumwa za leta zageze aho byabereye, aya makimbirane yatangiye nk’impaka zisanzwe ku ikoreshwa ry’iriba rimwe ry’amazi, ariko bidatinze ahinduka imirwano yitwaje intwaro hagati y’amatsinda atandukanye. Ubuyobozi bwa leta bwahise bwohereza abayobozi bakuru, barimo abaminisitiri n’abayobozi b’ingabo, kugira ngo basuzume uko ibintu byifashe no kugarura umutekano.
Limane Mahamat, Minisitiri wungirije w’Intebe ushinzwe imiyoborere n’ubutegetsi bw’inzego z’ibanze, yatangaje ko umutekano wongeye kugaruka muri ako gace, nubwo hakomeje kwitonderwa uko ibintu byifashe kugira ngo hirindwe ko imirwano yakongera kubura.
Izi mvururu si nshya muri aka karere. Mu myaka myinshi ishize, uburasirazuba bwa Chad bwagiye burangwa n’amakimbirane hagati y’abahinzi n’aborozi, cyane cyane aborozi b’Abarabu bimukira mu bice bitandukanye bashaka ubwatsi n’amazi.
Intandaro nyamukuru y’aya makimbirane ni:
Ubushobozi buke bw’ubutaka n’amazi: abahinzi bakeneye ubutaka bwo guhinga, mu gihe aborozi bakeneye ubwatsi n’amazi by’amatungo;
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere: ituma ubutaka bwera bugabanuka, bigatuma impande zombi zirushaho guhangana;
Kudashyira mu bikorwa amategeko agenga ubutaka: bituma habaho kudahuza ku burenganzira bwo kubukoresha.
Ikindi cyongera ubukana bw’izi mvururu ni impunzi nyinshi zituruka muri Sudan, ziza zihunga intambara, zigatuma umutwaro ku mutungo kamere urushaho kwiyongera, bityo amakimbirane akiyongera.
Nubwo bikunze kwitwa imvururu z’amoko, mu by’ukuri si amoko gusa aba arimo kurwana, ahubwo ni inyungu z’ubukungu n’imibereho:
Abahinzi barwanira ubutaka bwo guhinga ngo babone ibibatunga;
Aborozi barwanira inzira z’amatungo n’amasoko y’amazi;
Impande zombi zirwanira ubuzima n’ubukungu bwazo, kuko ari byo bishingiyeho imibereho yazo ya buri munsi.
Raporo zitandukanye, zirimo n’iz’imiryango mpuzamahanga, zigaragaza ko izi mvururu zarushijeho gufata intera hagati ya 2021 na 2024:
Abantu barenga 1,000 bamaze kwicwa muri ayo makimbirane;
Abasaga 2,000 barakomeretse;
Abatari bake bavuye mu byabo, bahinduka impunzi imbere mu gihugu.
Ibi bigaragaza ko ikibazo kimaze imyaka myinshi, kandi kigenda kirushaho gukomera aho kugabanuka.
Nubwo ubuyobozi bwa Chad buvuga ko umutekano wongeye kugaruka mu gace ka Guereda, impungenge ziracyari nyinshi. Impamvu ni uko imizi y’aya makimbirane itarakemuka burundu, cyane cyane ikibazo cy’imicungire y’ubutaka, amazi n’imibanire hagati y’abahinzi n’aborozi.
Ibi bisaba:
Politiki ihamye yo kugabanya amakimbirane ku mutungo kamere;
Gushyiraho uburyo bw’imikoranire hagati y’impande zihanganye;
Gufasha impunzi no kugabanya umuvuduko ku mutungo kamere.
Mu gihe ibyo bitarakorwa, uburasirazuba bwa Chad bushobora gukomeza kuba isibaniro ry’imvururu, zigahungabanya umutekano n’iterambere ry’akarere.
