Intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC Ikomeje Gufata Indi Ntera muri Dipolomasi Mpuzamahanga; Bamwe mu Bayobozi Bakomeye Bafatiwe Ibihano

Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, binyuze mu Ishami ryayo rishinzwe Imari (U.S. Department of the Treasury), ku wa Kabiri yatangaje ibihano bishya byafatiwe abayobozi babiri bakomeye barimo umwe wo mu ihuriro Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC/M23) n’undi wo mu mutwe wa FDLR ugizwe n’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda, ukaba ukorana bya hafi na Leta y’i Kinshasa. Iki cyemezo kiri mu rwego rw’ibikorwa Washington ivuga ko bigamije gushyigikira inzira y’amahoro no gushaka umuti urambye w’umutekano muke umaze imyaka myinshi urangwa muri aka karere.

Mu bafatiwe ibi bihano harimo John Imani Nzenze, ushinzwe ibikorwa by’ubutasi mu ihuriro rya AFC/M23, ndetse na Gustave Kubwayo uzwi ku izina rya “Colonel Sirkoof”, umwe mu bayobozi bakuru b’umutwe wa FDLR ukorera mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.

Nk’uko byatangajwe na Amerika, John Imani Nzenze afatwa nk’umwe mu bayobozi b’ingenzi ba M23, ndetse akaba ari mu bantu bakorana bya hafi na Général Sultani Makenga, usanzwe ari Umugaba Mukuru w’uyu mutwe.

Nzenze yabaye umwe mu bayobozi bagaragaye cyane kuva M23 yatangira ibikorwa byayo bya mbere hagati ya 2012 na 2013, aho yari mu bayoboye ibikorwa bya gisirikare. Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, yakomeje kugira uruhare rukomeye mu miyoborere n’imikorere y’uyu mutwe.

Amerika ivuga ko ibihano yafatiye Nzenze bigamije gukaza igitutu ku buyobozi bwa AFC/M23 kugira ngo bushyigikire inzira y’ibiganiro n’amahoro, nubwo bizwi ko AFC/M23 ishyigikiye inzira y’amahoro.

Ku rundi ruhande, Gustave Kubwayo uzwi nka “Colonel Sirkoof”, umwe mu bayobozi bakuru ba FDLR, umutwe ugizwe n’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ukaba ukorana bya hafi na Leta y’i Kinshasa, na we yashyizwe ku rutonde rw’abafatiwe ibihano. FDLR ni umutwe umaze imyaka irenga makumyabiri ukorera mu mashyamba yo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Amerika ivuga ko Kubwayo ayobora ibikorwa by’ubutasi n’imitwe yihariye ikorera muri Teritwari ya Nyiragongo, aho uyu mutwe ugikomeje ibikorwa bya gisirikare. Uretse kuregwa kwica abaturage, unashinjwa gukora ibindi bikorwa bibi kandi bigayitse, cyane cyane byibasira Abanyekongo b’Abatutsi.

Mu itangazo ryasohowe n’Umunyamabanga wa Amerika ushinzwe Imari, Scott Bessent, Washington yongeye gushimangira ko ikibazo cya Congo gikeneye igisubizo kirambye cya politiki n’umutekano.

Amerika yasabye Leta ya RDC kureka gukorana na FDLR, ahubwo igahitamo kuyirwanya no kuyirandura, mu gihe yanahamagariye u Rwanda gukomeza gushyigikira inzira y’amahoro no kubahiriza ibikubiye mu masezerano ya Washington yo ku wa 04/12/2025.

Ibi bihano bivuze ko imitungo yose y’aba bantu yaba iri muri Amerika cyangwa igenzurwa n’abaturage bayo ihita ifatirwa, ndetse ibikorwa byose by’ubucuruzi cyangwa iby’imari bifitanye isano na bo bikabuzwa.

Ihuriro AFC/M23 rivuga ko ryafashe intwaro kubera ibyo ryita imyaka myinshi y’akarengane, ivangura n’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abaturage bavuga Ikinyarwanda n’andi moko amwe n’amwe atuye mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Abayobozi baryo bakunze kuvuga ko ikibazo cyabo atari icya gisirikare gusa, ahubwo ko ari ikibazo cya politiki, uburenganzira bwa muntu ndetse n’uburenganzira bwo kubaho mu gihugu cyabo nta vangura.

AFC/M23 ishinja ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa kunanirwa kurinda abaturage, kwemera ibikorwa by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro irimo FDLR, ndetse no gukorana na bamwe mu bayobozi bayo mu rugamba rwo kurwanya M23. Ibi ni ibirego Leta ya Congo yakomeje guhakana, nubwo raporo zitandukanye mpuzamahanga zagiye zigaragaza ko ikibazo cya FDLR gikomeje kuba kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye by’umutekano muke mu karere.

Ku ruhande rwa AFC/M23, abayobozi bayo bavuga ko nubwo bamwe mu bagize iri huriro bakomeje gufatirwa ibihano n’ibihugu byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi, ibyo bitazabuza urugamba bavuga ko rugamije kurengera abaturage no guharanira uburenganzira bwabo bwa politiki, umutekano ndetse no kubaho mu gihugu kidakoresha ivangura.

Abakurikiranira hafi ibibazo byo mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari bavuga ko amahoro arambye muri RDC atazagerwaho binyuze gusa mu bihano cyangwa ibikorwa bya gisirikare, ahubwo ko hakenewe ibiganiro bya politiki byimbitse bikemura impamvu z’amakimbirane amaze imyaka myinshi mu burasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu.

Mu gihe Amerika n’ibindi bihugu bikomeje gufatira ibihano abayobozi b’impande zitandukanye zishinjwa kugira uruhare mu ntambara, ikibazo cy’umutekano muke muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo gikomeje kuba kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye bihangayikishije akarere ndetse n’umuryango mpuzamahanga.

Icyakora, impande zitandukanye zikomeje gutsimbarara ku myumvire itandukanye ku mizi y’iki kibazo, ibintu bituma inzira y’amahoro ikomeza kuba ndende kandi isaba ubushake bwa politiki bw’impande zose bireba.