RDC: Ese ibiganiro byo mu Busuwisi bizaba intangiriro y’amahoro arambye cyangwa indi nshuro y’amasezerano adatanga umusaruro?
Mu gihe umutekano muke ukomeje kuranga uburasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), umwuka wa politiki hagati ya Leta y’i Kinshasa n’ihuriro rya gisirikare n’irya politiki rya AFC/M23 ukomeje kuba mubi, bituma icyizere cy’abaturage ku biganiro by’amahoro kigenda kirushaho kugabanuka.
Ibi biganiro biri kubera mu Busuwisi byitezweho gutanga umusaruro ufatika, ariko amateka agaragaza ko amasezerano menshi yabanje gusinywa hagati y’impande zihanganye atigeze ashyirwa mu bikorwa uko bikwiye. Ibi byatumye abaturage benshi batakariza icyizere inzira ya dipolomasi, bibaza niba koko hari ubushake bwa nyabwo bwo guhagarika intambara.
Umutwe wa M23 wongeye kubura imirwano mu mpera za 2021, uvuga ko uharanira uburenganzira bw’amoko amwe n’umutekano w’abaturage bavuga Ikinyarwanda mu burasirazuba bwa Congo. Ku rundi ruhande, Leta ya Kinshasa ishinja uyu mutwe kuba igikoresho cy’ibihugu byo mu karere—ibirego uyu mutwe wagiye uhakana kenshi, ahubwo ugashinja Leta y’i Kinshasa kwica abaturage.
Ihuriro rya AFC/M23 (Alliance Fleuve Congo) ryagaragaje ko rifite intego ya politiki igamije guhindura imiyoborere ya Congo, rikavuga ko ikibazo atari icya gisirikare gusa, ahubwo ko ari n’icya politiki n’imiyoborere mibi.
Iki kibazo ntikiri gusa hagati ya M23 na Leta ya Congo. Ibihugu byo mu karere, birimo u Burundi n’ibindi, bikomeje kuvugwa muri iyi dosiye—haba mu buryo bwo gushinjanya gufasha impande zitandukanye cyangwa mu kugerageza kugira uruhare mu biganiro by’amahoro.
Imiryango mpuzamahanga, irimo Umuryango w’Abibumbye (UN) n’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU), yakomeje gusaba ko habaho ibiganiro byimbitse no guhagarika imirwano. Hari kandi n’ingabo z’amahanga zagiye zoherezwa muri aka karere, zirimo iza MONUSCO n’iz’Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC), nubwo umusaruro wazo ukomeje kugibwaho impaka.
Guhitamo u Busuwisi nk’ahabereye ibiganiro bifite igisobanuro gikomeye, kuko iki gihugu kizwiho kutabogama no kwakira ibiganiro bikomeye mpuzamahanga. Nyamara, ikibazo nyamukuru si aho ibiganiro bibera, ahubwo ni ubushake bwa politiki bw’impande zombi.
Ese Leta ya Kinshasa yiteguye kuganira byimbitse n’ihuriro rya AFC/M23? Ese AFC/M23 yo yiteguye kureka intwaro igashyira imbere inzira ya politiki? Ibi bibazo ni byo bizagena niba aya masezerano azagira agaciro cyangwa azaba indi nyandiko y’amateka idafite icyo ihindura ku buzima bw’abaturage.
Niba ibiganiro bigize icyo bigeraho, bishobora kuba intambwe ikomeye iganisha ku:
Guhagarika imirwano burundu
Gutuma impunzi n’abimuwe batangira gusubira mu byabo
Kongera kuzahura ubukungu bw’akarere bwari bwarashegeshwe n’intambara
Ariko niba binaniwe, bishobora gutuma:
Intambara irushaho gukaza umurego
Icyizere cy’abaturage kirushaho kuzimira
Akarere kose gakomeza guhungabana mu buryo bukomeye
Ibiganiro biri kubera mu Busuwisi bishobora kuba ari yo mahirwe ya nyuma yo gushaka amahoro arambye mu burasirazuba bwa RDC. Ariko kandi bishobora no kuba indi ntambwe isubiramo amateka y’amasezerano atigeze ashyirwa mu bikorwa.
Mu gihe amahanga akomeje gukurikirana ibi biganiro n’amaso abiri, abaturage ba Congo bakomeje gutegereza ibisubizo bifatika—atari amagambo gusa—bizagarura amahoro n’ituze mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.
Icyo benshi bibaza ni iki: Ese iki gihe kizaba gitandukanye n’ibindi byabaye mbere, cyangwa amateka azisubiramo?
Gusa mu bimaze kwemezwa, Leta y’i Kinshasa yemeye kurekura bamwe mu bafunzwe, ariko umubare wabo ni muto ugereranyije n’uwo impande zombi zari zarumvikanyeho mbere, wo kurekura abagera kuri 700 bafitanye isano n’ihuriro rya AFC/M23.